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Lecture 1

The Cell

TermDefinition
What is a cell? A cell is the simplest collection of matter that can live.
what are 6 different properties of living organisms? Growth and development, reproduce offspring, respond to the environment, cellular structure and composition, homeostasis (stable inner conditions), and heredity of traits.
what property of living organisms do viruses and prions not have and why? Reproduction, this is because they need a living cellular host to reproduce because they can't do it on their own.
what are six different types of pathogens? parasites, protozoa, fungi, prokaryote, virus, and prion
properties of a parasite pathogen ? smaller than the host, adult parasites may live on the host, or feed on a host. (Mosquitos)
Properties of a protozoan pathogen? Eukaryotic microorganisms lacking a cell wall. Can reproduce asexually or sexually (malaria)
properties of a fungi pathogen ? signs include hyphae, mycelia, spores
properties of a prokaryote pathogen? A single celled organism belonging to bacteria, they have no nucleus and lack organelles
properties of a virus pathogen? contains no cytoplasm or cellular organelles. they replicate using the host cell's metabolic machinery.
properties of a prion pathogen ? smaller than viruses and can only be be seen through a microscope. they don't not contain nucleic acid.
which of the six pathogens are living? parasites, fungi, bacteria, protozoa
which of the six pathogens are non living ? prions, viruses,
which of the six pathogens are unicellular ? protozoa, bacteria
which of the six pathogens are multicellular ? parasites
which of the six pathogens are multicellular or unicellular ? fungi
which of the six pathogens are acellular ? viruses, prions
which of the six pathogens are mobile? protozoa, parasite, bacteria
which of the six pathogens are non mobile? fungi, viruses, prions
how do the sizes of the pathogens compare to each other? (case study question) some pathogens are larger than other pathogens. some can be seen to the naked eye while others have to be seen under an electron microscope .
which pathogens are the smallest ? viruses and prions
which pathogens are the largest? parasites
what are the four components of all living cells? 1. plasma membrane 2. cytoplasm 3. DNA genome 4. Ribosomes to make proteins
what is the function of the plasma membrane regulates the transport of materials entering and exiting the cell
what is the function of the cytoplasm site of most metabolic reaction, the medium for the chemical reaction/creates a platform for organelles to operate in the cell
what is the function of the DNA genome storage of genetic information, relies on genetic information encoded in the DNA sequence
what is the function of the Ribosomes site of protein synthesis in the cell, it reads the RNA sequence and translates the genetic code into amino acids to form proteins
which pathogens have DNA genomes? viruses
what is the only pathogen that can have an RNA genome? bacteria
what are two differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes? 1. Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells 2. Eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles and a nucleus while prokaryotic cells do not
what are two types of prokaryotes? bacteria and archaea
what are two types of eukaryotes? fungi, plants, and animals
what is the human microbiome? the microbiome is the genetic material of all the microbes that live on and inside of the human body (bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses)
why is the human microbiome needed for health? it helps digest our food, regulate the immune system, protect against bacteria that cause disease, and produces vitamins
which pathogens are eukaryotes? fungi, unicellular protozoans, multicellular parasites
which pathogens are prokaryotes? bacteria,
which pathogens are neither eukaryotic or prokaryotic? prions and viruses
what do eukaryotes and prokaryotes have in common? they have a cell membrane, a cytoplasm, and ribosomes
Created by: anna durda
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