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Geography people

TermDefinition
Immanuel Kent German philosopher who compared geography and history
Thales of Miletus applied principles of geometry to measuring land area
Anaximander a student of Thales who made a world map based on information from sailors and argued that the world was shaped like a cylinder
Pythagoras may have been the first to propose a spherical world, arguing that the sphere was the most perfect form
Hecataeus may have produced the first geography book, called Periodos Ges (“Journey Around the Earth”)
Aristotle was the first to demonstrate that Earth was spherical on the basis of evidence
Eratosthenes invented the word geography, accepted that Earth was round, calculated its circumference within 0.5% accuracy, divided Earth into 5 climatic regions, described the world in one of the first geography books
Strabo described the known world in a 17-volume work titled Geographica (“Geography”)
Ptolemy wrote an eight-volume Geographia, codified basic principles of mapmaking, and prepared numerous maps that were not improved upon for more than 1,000 years
Yu Gong (“Tribute of Yu”), written by an unknown author in 5 BC, described the economic resources of the country’s different provinces; it was a chapter in a book called Shujing (“Book of Documents”), considered one of five classics of ancient Chinese literature
Pei Xiu the “father of Chinese cartography,” who produced an elaborate map of the country in 267 C.E.
Muhammad al-Idrisi an Arab geographer whose extensive travels through Southwest Asia & North Africa informed his creation of a world map and geography text in 1154, building on Ptolemy’s long-neglected work
Ibn Battuta a Moroccan scholar who wrote Rihla (“Travels”) based on three decades of journeys covering more than 120,000 kilometers (75,000 miles) through northern Africa, southern Europe, and much of Asia
Martin Waldseemüller a German cartographer who was credited with producing the first map to use the label “America”; he wrote on the map (translated from Latin) “from Amerigo the discoverer . . . as if it were the land of Americus, thus America”
Abraham Ortelius a Flemish cartographer, who created the first modern atlas and was the first to hypothesize that the continents were once joined together before drifting apart
Bernhardus Varenius who produced Geographia Generalis, which stood for more than a century as the standard treatise on systematic geography
Created by: imr36093
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