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Geography Exam 1

CHapters 1-4

QuestionAnswer
What is geography? the science that studies the relation and interdependencies between natural systems, geographic areas, society, and cultural activities over space.
What are the 5 THEMES of geography? 1. Place - describes attributes/characteristics. ex. near water, rural 2. region -area, "absolute" line drawn around it. ex. county 3. location 4. movement - change 5. human (environmental interaction)
What are the steps to the Scientific Method? 1. Observe phenomena (make observations) 2. Formulate hypothesis 3. Design experiment to test hypothesis 4. Predict outcome of experiment 5. Conduct experiment (data collection and analysis)
What is a theory? a logical, well-tested explanation (facts and observations); representing the highest order of scientific understanding
What are the uses of measurement systems? They are necessary to quantify and compare scientific processes. World uses the Metric or international system (SI) vs English system.
What are the 4 interconnected environmental spheres? 1. Lithosphere - rocks and mineral matter 2. Atmosphere - mixture of gases 3. Hydrosphere - water in all forms; frozen water - cryosphere 4. Biosphere - all parts where living organisms exist
What are the 4 Jovian Planets? Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune - gas planets
What are the 4 Terrestrial Planets? Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars - rock planets
What are the two BRANCHESNgeography is divided into? Human and Physical -they bridge the gap between many diverse disciplines of science
What is the KEY variable of geography? Space
What shape is the Earth? Oblate spheroid - imperfect circle. wider at the equator and flatter at the poles.
What is the difference between longitude and latitude? Longitude lines run from north to south ( ), latitude lines from east to west (imaginary line around earths equator as base)
Which of the "Descriptive Zones of Latitude" is found between the low latitudes of 30° and high latitudes of 60°? Mid-latitude
What is the December Solstice? The shortest day of the year. Vertical rays reach the Tropic of Capricorn. Arctic circle is in 24 hours of dark while the Antarctic circle is in 24 hours of light.
What is the only area on Earth with consistent annual day lengths? Equator
What is the Prime Meridian? Longitude line that lies at 0 degrees
What is the International Date line? Longitude line that lies at 180 degrees
Why do the seasons change? They vary by latitude
What is the June Solstice? Longest day of the year. Vertical rays reach the Tropic of Cancer. Arctic circle in 24 hours of light while Antarctic Circle is in 24 hours of dark.
What is a globe? Form of portraying Earth that maintains the spherical shape and spatial relationships but shows not much detail and is considered the truest depiction of Earth by the text.
What are the 4 basic properties of an area that a map shows? size, shape, distance, direction
What is a map? A graphic representation of Earth that shows spatial relationships in two-dimensions and is more portable and versatile than a globe.
A map scale listed as "1/24,000" is an example of which type of map scale? fractional
Which family of map projections is a mix of conformal and equivalent projections and is also known as "elliptical" or "oval"? psuedocylindrical - wraps around standard parallel, usually equator, curves in toward poles
What is a conformal map projection? maintains proper shapes but distorts the size of areas being portrayed.
What are isolines? Lines on a map that join points of equal value such as temperature, precipitation, and elevation, that are always closed and do not cross
What is a GIS ( )? Computer software systems that analyze and display spatial data
What are the 3 map scale types? 1. graphic map scale 2. fractional map scale 3. verbal map scale 4. large scale/short scale
What is an equivalent map projection? Maintains equal area, but distorts shapes. common for world maps.
What are the 9 basic map components? title, date, legend, scale, direction, location, data source, and projection type
What are the 4 types of isolines? 1. contour lines - join points of equal elevation on topographic maps 2. isotherms - join points of equal temperature 3. isobars - join points of equal atmospheric pressure 4. isohyet j- join points of equal precipitation
What is GNSS? Global Navigation Satellite System - satellite technologies providing location data
What is remote sensing? collecting data (images measurements) with a recording device from a distance
What is multispectral remote sensing? Variety of satellite sensory systems that detect and record many bands of electromagnetic spectrum at once
Created by: joshbosh0
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