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Module 8: Vocab
Vocabulary for Apalogia
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| True breeding | If an organism has a certain characteristic that is always passed on to its offspring, we say that this organism is bred true with respect to that characteristic |
| Allele | One of a pair of genes that occupies the same position on homologous chromosomes |
| Genotype | Two-letter set that represents the alleles an organism possesses for a certain trait |
| Phenotype | the observable expression of an organism's genes |
| Homozygous genotype | A genotype in which both Alleles are identical |
| Heterozygous genotype | A genotype with two different Alleles |
| Dominant Allele | An Allele that will determine phenotype if just one is present in the genotype |
| Recessive Allele | a Allele that will not determine the phenotype unless the genotype is homozygous in that Allele |
| Pedigree | A diagram that follows a particular phenotype through several generations |
| Monohybrid cross | A cross between two individuals, concentrating on only one definable trait |
| Dihybrid cross | A cross between two individuals, concentrating on two definable traits |
| Autosomes | Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual |
| Sex Chromosomes | Chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual |
| Antigen | A protein that, when introduced in the blood, triggers the production of an antibody |
| Autosomal inheritance | Inheritance of a genetic trait not on a sex chromosome |
| Genetic disease carrier | A person who is heterozygous in a recessive genetic disorder |
| Sex-linked inheritance | Inheritance of a genetic trait located on the sex chromosomes |
| Mutation | A radical chemical change in one or more alleles |
| Change in Chromosome structure | A situation in which a chromosome loses or gains genes during meiosis |
| Change in Chromosome number | A situation in which abnormal cellular events in meiosis lead to either none of a particular chromosome in the gamete or more than one chromosome in the gamete |
| Mendel's principle's of genetics 1-2 | 1) The traits of an organism are determined by its genes 2) Each organism has two Alleles that make up the genotype for a given trait |
| Mendel's Principle's of genetics 3-4 | 3) In Sexual reproduction, each parent contributes ONLY ONE of its alleles to its offspring 4) In each genotype, there is a dominant Allele. If it exists in an organism, the phenotype is determined by that Allele |
Created by:
ii_UnkownWaterz
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