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Rad Safety
text 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| x-rays | resting mass (amu) =0 , charge = 0 , Relative penetration ability = vary high , Relative Potential for biologic damage = vary low |
| Gamma-rays | resting mass (amu) = 0 , charge = 0 , Relative penetration ability = vary high , Relative Potential for biologic damage = vary low |
| Alpha particles | resting mass (amu) = 4, charge = +2, Relative penetration ability = very low , Relative Potential for biologic damage = vary high |
| Beta- particles (negatrons; electrons) | resting mass (amu) = 1/1800, charge = -1 , Relative penetration ability = low , Relative Potential for biologic damage = high |
| Beta+ particles (positrons; positive electrons; form of antimatter) | resting mass (amu) = 1/1800, charge = +1 , Relative penetration ability = low , Relative Potential for biologic damage = high |
| Protons | resting mass (amu) =1 , charge = +1 , Relative penetration ability = low, Relative Potential for biologic damage = high |
| Neutrons | resting mass (amu) =1 , charge =0 , Relative penetration ability = very high , Relative Potential for biologic damage = very high |
| Average annual U.S. background radiation exposure | 300 mrem |
| Lowest acute radiation dose where a statistical increase in cancer risk is seen | 1 rem |
| Annual occupational whole body radiation dose limit in the us | 5 rem |
| Acute and chronic radiation doses below this are concerned “low level” and are extremely unlikely to cause any adverse biological effects | 10 rads |
| Lowest radiation dose where acute radiation syndrome is seen in healthy people | 100 rads |
| Lethal dose 50/30 for humans (acute whole body exposure) | 300 to 400 rads |
| Energy | KeV |
| Radioactivity | curie |
| Absorbed Dose | RAD |
| Radiation Exposure | Roentgen |
| Dose Equivalent | REM |
| Which of the following is NOT a form of ionizing radiation? | Microwaves |
| Which of the following is NOT considered a source of natural background radiation? | Medical (radiologic procedures) |
| For x-rays and gamma rays, "high Z" materials make better radiation shields than "low Z" materials | true |
| In which of the following photon/matter interactions is the incoming photon completely absorbed in the process? | Photoelectric Effect |
| Characteristic x-rays can be produced by both photon/matter interactions and particle/matter interactions | true |
| When considering what imaging parameters to set for a diagnostic x-ray procedure, if the technologist wishes to reduce the radiation dose delivered to the patient, they would decrease which of the following? | mAs |
| Which of the following photon/matter interactions tends to only occur at energies well above the diagnostic radiology range? | Photodisintegration |
| Which of the following entities undergoes an "annihilation reaction" that results in two high energy photons traveling in directions 180 degrees from one another? | Positrons |
| Which of the following terms describes the amount of energy per unit mass transferred from photon or particle beam to an object in its path (such as the human body)? | Absorbed dose |
| If a patient undergoing an x-ray therapy procedure receives a total dose of 3000 rad, the dose may be recorded as ________________using the SI system of measure | 3000 cGy |
| What is the total effective dose to a radiation worker who accidentally received an absorbed dose of 1 rad to her bone marrow from alpha particles, and absorbed doses of 20 rads to her bone marrow and 20 rads to her thyroid from gamma radiation? | 5.8 |
| Two alpha particles | Repel |
| The Bremsstrahlung phenomenon results in the creation of which type of radiation? | x |
| What is the charge on a gamma photon? | 0 |
| What is the resting mass of an alpha particle in atomic mass units (amu)? | 4 |
| Which of the following types of radiation, after being emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom, immediately collides with an electron and undergoes an "annihilation" reaction? | Beta-plus particles (Positrons) |
| X-ray production is NOT considered a radioactive process | True |
| All other factors being equal, which of the following types of radiation is most likely to cause biologic damage to living tissue? | Alpha |
| Which of the following types of ionizing radiation is a form of high energy light? | Gamma |
| Generally speaking, which of the following types of radiation is least able to penetrate matter? | Alpha |
| What is the difference between a 140 KeV x-ray and a 140 KeV gamma ray? | they have different origins |
| Which of the following is NOT a form of electromagnetic radiation? | Beta particles |
| Which is the following units is only relevant for x and gamma rays? | roentgen |
Created by:
mattto
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