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CNS Drug-2010
MCG
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CNS drugs act on what two parts of the body? | Brain and spinal cord |
| What kind of drugs can pass the Blood Brain Barrier? | Lipid soluble drugs |
| What are the two major drug categories for Parkinson's Disease? | Dopaminergic and anticholinergic agents |
| What do dopaminergic agents do? | Promote the activation of dopamine receptors |
| What do anticholinergic agents do? | Prevent activation of cholinergic receptors |
| Dopaminergic agent drug? | Levodopa (Dopar) |
| Anticholinergic agent drug? | Benztropine (Cogentin) |
| Mild symptoms of Parkinson's can be relieved with ? | MAO-B Inhibitor- Selegiline or Rasagiline |
| Levodopa Effectiveness? | highly effective but benefits diminish over time: most effective in first 2 yrs, by the end of 5 yrs symptoms may return to pretreatment level |
| Levodopa adverse effects? | n/v, dyskinesias, CV effects, psychosis, may darken sweat and urine, can activate malignant melanoma |
| Carbidopa advantages? | No adverse effects of its own, increases the available levodopa in the CNS and allows for 75% decrease of levodopa dosage, reduces CV & GI adverse effects |
| What is the first line drugs for Parkinson's? | Dopamine Agonists |
| What do dopamine agonists do? | Activate dopamine receptors on striatum |
| Two types of dopamine agonists? | Derivatives of ergot & nonergot derivatives |
| Nonergot dopamine agonists drug? | Pramipexole (Mirapex) |
| Nonergot dopamine agonists drug use? | used alone in early PD and with levodopa in advancing PD |
| What are COMT Inhibitor? | Inhibit metabolism of levodopa in the periphery |
| Two COMT Inhibitor drugs? | Entacapone (safer and more effective), Tolcapone |
| Entacapone uses | Inhibits the metabolism of levodopa in the intestines & periphery tissues, prolongs time that levodopa is available to the brain |
| Entacapone adverse effects? | from the increasing levodopa levels |
| What is drug is a fixed dose of Levodopa/Carbidopa/Entacapone combination? | Stalevo |
| What is the 2nd and 3rd line of drugs for PD? | MAO-B Inhibitors-Selegiline |
| What does MAO-B Inhibitors do? | Can suppress destruction of dopamine derived from levodopa and prolong effects of levodopa |
| Adverse effects of Selegiline( monotherapy) | insomnia |
| What drug is used for PD patients who have depression? | Amitriptyline |
Created by:
aadeleke
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