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VET140- Microbiology

Virus Prions (Pt. 2)

TermDefinition
Herpesviridae am enveloped DNA virus family that contains more than 100 viruses. Many species are infected. Name from Greek herpein, to creep. Protective antibody responses, virions are fragile and sensitive to detergents, unstable in the environment.
Herpesviridae (Clinical Infection) causes life long infections with periodic re-activation resulting in bouts of clinical disease. During distress, viral genome becomes circular and gene expression is limited. Natural infections are usually restricted to defined host species.
Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis and Pustular Vulvo-Vaginitis a herpesvirus disease, important losses in cattle worldwide, aerosols or nasal/genital secretions. CS: fetal infection, abortion, necrotic lesions on genital mucosa, tissue necrosis. Dx: virus isolation, viral DNA detection, immunofluorescence.
Aujeszky's Disease (Pseudorabies) the Porcine Herpes Virus, is shed through oronasal, milk, semen. Leads to neurological signs or stillbirths. Can be short or fatal versions. Dx: virus isolation, Viral nucleic acid detection, vaccination.
Equine Rhinopneumonitis and Equine Herpesvirus Abortion a herpesvirus disease that happens from close contact facilities and animals returning from sales. CS: respiratory, vasculitis, thrombosis, paralysis. Dx: virus isolation, viral nucleic acid detection, vaccinations.
vasculitis
thrombosis
K9 Herpesvirus herpesvirus dz characterized by generalized infection and high mortality in neonatal pups. happens from direct contact/oral-nasal. Virus replicated most effectively @ temps below normal adult body temps.
Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis herpesvirus dz characterized by acute respiratory disease in young cats, accounts for 40% of resp infections, secondary bacterial infections usually occur, vacc'd animals can become infected but CS's reduced, FVR of FVRCP
Marek's Disease (Herpesviridae) a viral neoplastic dz in poultry. Major economic significance worldwide, infected birds remain carriers for life, females more susceptible. Usually 12-24 weeks. Dx: CS's and pathological findings. Prevent w/ good hygiene and vaccinations.
Papillomaviridae a non-enveloped DNA family, typically infects basal cells of squamous epithelium as a result of minute abrasions, replicates in nucleus, causes warts, usually in young animals, can progress to malignant tumors.
Bovine Cutaneous Papillomatosis a papillomaviridae dz that shows lesions on the head/neck of cattle >2 yrs old and then spontaneous regression within a year. Tx: sellf-limiting, can remove teat lesions if milking problems occur.
Equine Paillomatosis a papillomaviridae dz that is found in horses 1-3 years and regress. Two types: 1 (muzzle and legs) and 2 (genital tract) Spread by direct/indirect contact, recovered animals are immune to reinfections.
Equine Sarcoid a papillomaviridae dz that is locally invasive fibroblastic skin tumor, most common neoplasm of horses between 3-6 years. Head, ventral abdomen, and limbs are most affected. Tx: sx removal, recurrence is common.
K9 Oral Papillomatosis a papillomaviridae dz that is found in the oropharyngeal region and common in young dogs. Has an 8 wk incubation period. Initially appear smooth white raised lesions and then become rough. Tx: sx removal for physical discomfort.
Adenoviridae a non-enveloped DNA family that replicates in the nucleus and is associated w/ enteric/respiratory problems. Uncommon because of vaccs. Immune response eliminates virus from host by 14 days, virus persistent in urine for more than 6 months.
K9 Adenovirus Type 2 adenoviridae dz that is transmitted by air, replicated in upper and lower resp tract, CS are similar to kennel cough. Most dogs recover and are immune. Occasional cases of bronchopneumonia may develop due to 2ndary bacterial infections.
Poxviridae an enveloped DNA virus family that replicates in cytoplasm. Is stable in the environment, vesicular skin lesions w/ scabs, is not chicken pox, vaccinations are available. Dx: skin biopsy, postmortem specimens, electron microscope, PCR, ELISA.
Feline Panleukopenia (Feline Distemper) a parvoviridae virus that is highly contagious and generalized affecting domestic and wild cats worldwide. Sheds in feces during acute stage of dz. CS: depressed, anorexia, fever, vomit, diarrhea. Dx: ELISA, PCR, hemagglutination. P in FVRCP
K9 Parvovirus a parvoviridae virus that is a mutant of feline panleukopenia. Causes acute enteric dz in young dogs, fecal-oral transmission, 4-7 day incubation period, causes vomiting and bloody diarrhea. Dx: ELISA, PCR, haemagglutination. P of DHLPP.
Porcine Parvovirus Infection (SMEDI) parvoviridae dz that causes still birth, mummification, early embryonic death, infertility. Vaccine and decrease contaminated feces. Control is based on exposure of gilts and susceptible to porcine parvovirus prior to mating.
Retroviridae an RNA virus family. Uses reverse transcriptase, which transcribes viral RNA to double-stranded DNA which is inserted as a provirus into the host genome. A provirus genome that is integrated into DNA of host cell. HIV.
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) retroviridae dz that was first reported in 1987, classified as a Lentivirus which causes lifelong infections w/ long incubation period. CS: 6+ yrs, stomatitis, gingivitis, respiratory enteric, skin infections, fever, wt loss, anemia. Dx: ELISA.
Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) retroviridae dz that is transmitted by horse/biting flies and contaminated needles/instruments. Infected horses can't eliminate virus. CS: anemia, fever, thrombocytopenia. Dx: Coggins serological test, agar gel immunodiffusion assay, ELISA.
Feline Leukemia (FeLV) retroviridae dz that is caused by close contact with high infection rates in multi-cat households. targets bone marrow and epithelia. Severe immunosuppression, tumors, lymphosarcoma, anemia, enteritis. Dx: ELISA. Vaccs does not provide complete protection
Bovine Leukemia or Leukosis (slide 23)
Created by: Riley.Scherf
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