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Biology Unit 1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acid rain | Rain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with water. |
| Animalia | kingdom of multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells do not have cell walls |
| Archaebacteria | kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls do not contain peptidoglycan |
| Autotroph | An organism that makes its own food |
| binomial nomenclature | Classification system in which each species is assigned a two-part scientific name |
| Bioaccumulation | The accumulation of a substance, such as a toxic chemical, in various tissues of a living organism. |
| carbon cycle | The organic circulation of carbon from the atmosphere into organisms and back again |
| carrying capacity | Largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support |
| Cell | Basic unit of life |
| class | in classification, a group of closely related orders |
| Classification | The process of grouping things based on their similarities |
| climate change | Change in the statistical properties of the climate system when considered over periods of decades |
| competition | the struggle between organisms to survive in a habitat with limited resources |
| Consumer | An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
| Decomposer | An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms |
| deforestation | Destruction of forests |
| dichotomous key | a key for the identification of organisms based on a series of choices between alternative characters |
| Domain | A taxonomic category above the kingdom level. The three domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. |
| Eubacteria | Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan |
| Eukaryote | A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| Eutrophication | A process by which nutrients, particularly phosphorus and nitrogen, become highly concentrated in a body of water, leading to increased growth of organisms such as algae or cyanobacteria. |
| exponential growth | Growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate |
| external fertilization | The process by which the female lays eggs and the male fertilizes them once they are outside of the female |
| family | Group of genera that share many characteristics |
| fossil fuels | Coal, oil, natural gas, and other fuels that are ancient remains of plants and animals. |
| Fungi | A kingdom made up of non-green, eukaryotic organisms that have no means of movement, reproduce by using spores, and get food by breaking down substances in their surroundings and absorbing the nutrients |
| Genus | A group of similar species |
| greenhouse effect | Natural situation in which heat is retained in Earth's atmosphere by carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and other gases |
| habitat destruction | The loss of a natural habitat |
| Heterotroph | An organism that cannot make its own food. |
| internal fertilization | Process in which eggs are fertilized inside the female's body |
| invasive species | plants and animals that have migrated to places where they are not native |
| Kingdom | First and largest category used to classify organisms |
| limiting factor | Any biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the existence, numbers, reproduction, or distribution of organisms. |
| Multicellular | Consisting of many cells |
| Mutualism | A relationship between two species in which both species benefit |
| nitrogen cycle | The transfer of nitrogen from the atmosphere to the soil, to living organisms, and back to the atmosphere |
| nitrogen fixation | Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia |
| order | in classification, a group of closely related families |
| Organism | A living thing |
| Parasitism | A relationship between two organisms of different species where one benefits and the other is harmed |
| Pheromones | Chemical signals released by an animal that communicate information and affect the behavior of other animals of the same species. |
| phylum | a group of similar classes |
| Placenta | A structure that allows an embryo to be nourished with the mother's blood supply |
| Plantae | Kingdom of multicellular photosynthetic autotrophs that have cell walls containing cellulose |
| predator | An animal that hunts other animals for food |
| prey | An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism |
| Producer | An organism that can make its own food. |
| Prokaryote | A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles |
| Protista | Kingdom composed of eukaryotes that are not classified as plants, animals, or fungi |
| seed | The plant structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering |
| Species | A group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring. |
| spore | A reproductive cell with a hard, protective coating |
| Stewardship | Looking after something so it can be passed on to the next generation |
| suckling | child or animal that is nursed |
| Symbiosis | A close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species. |
| Taxonomy | The scientific study of how living things are classified |
| Tropism | A growth response of a plant toward or away from a stimulus |
| Unicellular | Made of a single cell |
| waste lagoon | Lagoon that is used to dispose of animal waste, particularly that of cows and pigs. |
Created by:
mihumili
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