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Science Vocab Unit 9

Science Vocab Unit 9 Quiz #1

TermDefinition
Organism a living thing made of parts that work together to meet its needs.
Cell the smallest unit of a living or once living organism
Tissue same type of cells working together form a tissue.
Organ different tissues working together to perform a function/job.
Organ system groups of different organs working together to perform a function/job.
Muscular system organs that work with the skeletal system to pull on the bones & move them; protects bones. Muscles work in pairs- extend & contract.
Skeletal system bones that provide the framework and structure of our bodies; protection.
Nervous system information center- sends messages from the brain to all cells telling them what to do.
Brain main organ of the nervous system that processes information.
Spinal Cord part of the nervous system that runs through the vertebrae (back bones) & sends messages to and from the brain to all parts of your body.
Nerve cells, neurons, branching cells part of the nervous system; carry information to and from the brain; information jumps from one cell to another; allow you to feel pain.
Integumentary System made up of skin, nails, and hair.
Skin the largest organ of your body; protects bones, muscles, organs from infections- germs, bacteria, and is waterproof; makes sweat (perspiration) to cool skin when it evaporates.
Epidermis Outermost layer of skin that you can see; dead skin cells (epi- means outer)
Dermis beneath the epidermis with living cells; many thin layers thick.
Nerve cells, oil glands, blood vessels, sweat glands, fat cells part of the dermis
Antennae some insects have these to detect motion, and sense things they can’t see.
Senses 5- include sight (eyes), taste (mouth, tongue), smell (nose), hearing (nose), touch (skin, nerves); give information about the environment around us.
Bones part of the skeletal system; support, protect inner organs, and store minerals.
Joints skeletal system; place where two bones meet- knees, elbows, fingers, toes, skull, shoulder
Ligaments skeletal system; connect the bones of a joint.
Cartilage skeletal system; cushions the ends of bones and is flexible- end of nose, ears.
Respiratory System breathing; in animals, take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide; respiration begins with the mouth and nose. Contains trachea, lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli, pharynx, larynx, diaphragm
Trachea respiratory system- wind pipe- takes the air from the mouth and nose to the lungs.
Lungs main organs of the respiratory system that expand when inhaling.
Bronchi (2) when the trachea gets to the lungs, it divides into the bronchi- 2 large branches & keeps transporting the air.
Bronchioles means small bronchi; many small branches that come from the bronchi & carry air to all parts of the lungs.
Alveoli (air sacs) thousands at the ends of the bronchioles where the gas exchange takes place- surrounded by a network of capillaries that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Asthma a disease where the bronchi become swollen and make the bronchi & bronchioles smaller (constricted).
Diaphragm muscle under the lungs that moves down to let lungs expand with air when inhaling & move up when you exhale.
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