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ES chapter 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| observation | the process of obtaining information by using the senses the information obtained by using senses |
| hypothesis | a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation |
| prediction | a statement made in advance that expresses the results that will be obtained from testing a hypothesis if the hypothesis is supported the expected outcome if a hypothesis is accurate |
| experiment | a procedure that is carried out under controlled conditions to discover, demonstrate, or test a fact, theory or general truth |
| variable | a factor that changes in an experiment in order to test a hypothesis |
| experimental group | in an experiment a group that is identical to a control group except for one factor and that is compared with the control group |
| control groups | in an experiment a group that serves as a standard of comparison with another group to which the control group is identical except for one factor |
| data | any pieces of information acquired through observation or experiment |
| correlation | the linear dependence between two variables |
| statistics | the collection and classification of data that are in the form of numbers |
| mean | the number obtained by adding up the data foe a given characteristics and dividing this sum by the number of individuals |
| distribution | the relative arrangement of the members of a statistical population usually shown in a graph |
| probability | the likelihood that a possible future event will occur in ant given instance of the event the mathematical ratio of the number of times one outcome of any event is likely to occur to the number of possible outcomes of the event |
| sample | the group of individuals or events selected to represent a statistical population |
| risk | the of an unwanted outcome |
| model | a pattern plan representation or description designed to show the structure or workings of an object system or concept |
| conceptual model | a verbal or graphical explanation foe how a system works or is organized |
| mathematical model | one or more equations that represent the way a system or process works |
| value | a principle or standard that in individual considers to be important |
| decision-making model | a conceptual model that provides a systematic process foe making decisions |
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