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Macromolecules
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| four macromolecules | carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids |
| monomer | single subunit |
| polymer | many subunits connected |
| carbohydrate monomer (subunit) | monosaccharide |
| lipid monomer (subunit) | glycerol and fatty acids |
| Disaccharide | two sugar units connected together |
| Polysaccharide | more than two sugar units connected together |
| protein monomer (subunit) | amino acids |
| nucleic acid monomer (subunit) | nucleotide |
| parts of a triglyceride | glycerol and 3 fatty acids |
| lipid chemical examples | triglyceride, phospholipids, steroids |
| Carbohydrate food sources | sugars and starches (pasta/bread) |
| Lipid food sources | butter, oil, wax |
| Protein food sources | meat, eggs, beans |
| unsaturated fats (lipids) | oils |
| saturated fats (lipids) | butter |
| nucleic acid food sources | any once living thing |
| parts of a nucleotide | phosphate, pentose sugar, nitrogen base |
| carbohydrate structure | carbon ring (hexagon) |
| lipid structure | glycerol and fatty acids (the big one) |
| nucleic acid structure | phosphate group + 5 carbon sugar (pentagon) + nitrogen base |
| protein structure | R group, carboxylic acid group, amine groups |
| carbohydrate function | provide quick energy |
| lipid function | stored energy, insulate/protect the body, protect membranes |
| protein function | builds and repairs muscle, body movement, regulate hormones, enzymes |
| nucleic acid function | store and express genetic information (information to make proteins and other molecules in the body) |
| carbohydrate elements | CHO (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen) |
| lipid elements | CHO (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen) |
| protein elements | CHON (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen) |
| nucleic acid elements | CHONP (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus) |
| How many amino acids are there? | 20 |
| carbohydrate chemical examples | glucose, cellulose, chitin |
| protein chemical examples | enzymes, hormones, antibodies |
| nucleic acid chemical examples | DNA and RNA |
| nucleotides connected together | nucleic acid |
| amino acids connected together | protein |
| glycerol and fatty acids connected together | lipid |
| monosaccharides connected together | carbohydrate |
| examples of a monosaccharide | glucose, fructose, ribose |
| simple sugars macromolecule | carbohydrates common name |
Created by:
zahnsg
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