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Ch. 2 Biology Vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Abiotic Factor | any nonliving factor in an organism's environment, such as soil, water temperature, and light available |
| Autotroph | organism that captures energy from sunlight or inorganic substances to produce its own food; provides the foundation of the food supply for other organisms; called a producer |
| Ecology | the scientific discipline in which the relationship among living organisms and the interaction the organisms and the interaction the organisms have with their environments are studied |
| Biosphere | the portion of Earth that supports life |
| Biotic Factors | living factors in an organism's 's environment |
| Population | individual organisms of a single species that share the same geographic location at the same time |
| Biological Community | a group of interacting populations that occupy the same geographic area at the same time |
| Ecosystem | a biological community and all of the abiotic factors that affect it |
| Biome | a large group of ecosystems that share the same climate and have similar types of communities |
| Habitat | an area where organisms live |
| Niche | the role or position that an organism has in its environment |
| Predation | act of one organism pursuing and consuming another organism for food |
| Symbiosis | close relationship that exists when two or more species live together |
| Mutualism | relationship between two or more organisms that live closely together and benefit from each other |
| Commensalism | a relationship in which one organism benefits and the other organism is neither helped nor harmed |
| Parasitism | a symbiotic relationship in which one organism |
| Carnivore | Heterotrophs pray on other heterotrophs such as wolfs, lions, and lynxes |
| Heterotroph | An organism that gets his energy requirements back consuming other organisms |
| Herbivore | A heterotroph that only eats plants |
| Omnivores | Organisms that eat both plants and animals |
| Detritivores | Eat fragments of dead matter in an ecosystem, return nutrients to the soil, air, and water where the nutrients can be reused by organisms |
| Trophic Level | Each step in a food chain or food web |
| Food Chain | A simple model that shows how energy flows through an ecosystem |
| Food Web | A model representing the mini interconnected food chains and pathways in which energy flows through a group of organisms |
| Biomass | The total mass of living matter in each trophic level decreased at each trophic level |
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