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Cell Transport
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the functions of the cell (plasma) membrane? | 1. protect the cell by controlling what goes in and out of the cell 2. to maintain ion concentrations and homeostasis |
| What does semi-permeable? | allows some molecules in, others are kept out |
| How do the polar heads of the plasma membrane act towards water? | they love water and dissolve |
| How do the non-polar tails of the plasma membrane act towards water? | they hide from water |
| Does passive transport use energy? | no |
| What are the types of passive transport? | diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis |
| How do particles move in passive transport? | from high concentration to low concentration |
| Does active transport use energy? | yes |
| What are the types of active transport? | Protein pumps, endocytosis, exocytosis |
| How do particles move in active transport? | from low concentration to high concentration |
| What is diffusion? | random movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
| What is facilitated diffusion? | diffusion of specific particles through transport proteins found in the membrane (from high to low concentration) |
| What is osmosis? | diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane (from high to low concentration) |
| What is equilibrium? | when diffusion continues until all molecules are evenly spaced out, but continue moving |
| What type of molecules are transported in facilitated diffusion? | large or charged (+ or -) particles |
| What types of solutions are associated with osmosis? | Hypotonic, Hypertonic, and Isotonic |
| What is a hypotonic solution? | when there is a higher concentration of water on the outside of the cell than on the inside of the cell |
| What does it mean for the water concentration if there is a high solute concentration? | low water concentration |
| What does it mean for the water concentration if there is a low solute concentration? | high water concentration |
| What is the result for a cell put into a hypotonic solution? | water moves into the cell. The cell swells and bursts open. |
| What is a hypertonic solution? | when there is a lower concentration of water on the outside of the cell than on the inside of the cell |
| What is the result for a cell put into a hypertonic solution? | water moves out of the cell. The cell shrinks. |
| What is a isotonic solution? | when there is an equal concentration of water on the outside of the cell as on the inside of the cell |
| What is the result for a cell put into a isotonic solution? | water moves evenly in and out of the cell. The cell stays the same size. |
| What is endocytosis? | active transport taking bulky material into a cell |
| What is exocytosis? | active transport forcing material to exit the cell in bulk |
| Does endocytosis require energy? | yes |
| Does exocytosis require energy? | yes |
| What role does cell size play in transport? | smaller cells have a greater surface area to volume ratio meaning they can move nutrients in and out of the cell more efficiently |
Created by:
zahnsg
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