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1.2 Test Review

BioMed III 1.2 quiz review. Good luck.

TermDefinition
antibiotic A substance produced by or derived from a microorganism and able in dilute solution to inhibit or kill another microorganism
antibiotic resistance Resistance to one or more antibiotics, usually due to additional genetic information
conjugation The one-way transfer of DNA between bacteria in cellular contact
nucleoid The DNA-containing area of a bacterial cell
plasmid A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome
transduction The transfer of genetic material from one organism (such as a bacterium) to another by a genetic vector
transformation The uptake and expression of foreign DNA by a cell
penicillins inhibit the final steps of cell wall synthesis by preventing peptidoglycan crosslink formation in the cell walls
tetracyclines prevent the continuation of protein synthesis
flouroquinolones inhibit bacterial replication by blocking their DNA replication pathway
sulfonamides inhibit normal bacterial utilization of PABA for the synthesis of folic acid, an important metabolite in DNA synthesis
What actions are humans taking that are contributing to bacteria becoming resistant to commonly used antibiotics? not taking a full dose of antibiotics or taking antibiotics too often
gram positive thick peptidoglycan cell wall
gram negative thin peptidoglycan cell wall
plasmid circular thingies inside the cell
cell wall second layer of cell
cell membrane last layer of cell
capsule outermost layer of the cell
flagella the tail of the cell
ribosome little floaties inside the cell
pili hairs on the cell
Why is penicillin more effective against gram-positive bacteria? Because it inhibits peptidoglycan production, breaking down the cell.
Created by: notkalah
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