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BIOL231PurdueSet#1
From Purdue University course taught by Dr. Kasinski. Material before Exam#1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is larger, the smooth ER or an enzyme? | The smooth ER |
| In polypeptides, where do peptide bonds form? | Peptide bonds link the amino acids together between their C and N molecules. |
| When forming an alpha helix, which H's in polypeptides will form bonds? | The H atoms that are on the same side as the R-groups. |
| What two things indicate a spontaneous reaction? | A negative deltaGnaut and a Keq grater than one. |
| What does a bond need to be considered an ionic bond? | Two atoms need to share electrons |
| How do enzymes carry out unfavorable reactions? | They couple the reaction with a favorable reaction |
| Can an enzyme cause an unfavorable reaction to become favorable? | No |
| What is endocytosis and what to systems does it use to case change? | Endocytosis in the process of moving materials from outside the cell to inside the endomembrane system using budding and fusion to cross membranes. |
| What happens when a "full" vesicle fuses with the cell membrane? | The contents of the vesicle will be secreted outside of the cell. |
| What three compartments of a cell cannot be reached by the budding and fusion method? | Cytosol, Mitochondria, Nucleus |
| Enzymes have the ability to speed up favorable reactions. What two actions allow them to do this? | Lowering the activation energy Stabilizing the transition state |
| How does a competitive inhibitor effect the Km and Vmax values? | Increases Km value No effect on the Vmax |
| How does a noncompetitive inhibitor effect the Vmax? | Lowers the Vmax (by about half) |
| What are three properties of carbohydrates? | Forms a branched backbone structure Major for of stored energy for a cell Generates cellulose |
| What are three properties of proteins? | Performs catalytic activities of the cell Composed of subunits linked with identical bonds Can form an alpha helix |
| What are three properties of nucleic acids? | Composed of subunits linked together with identical bonds Have a large amount of phosphate Can form an alpha helix |
| Is a high or low S:V better for cells? | High, this allows for greater support of metabolic activities |
| What is the function of hydrogen bonds? | The stabilize the structure of secondary structure motifs in proteins |
| What is the function of ionic bonds? | Connects two oppositely charged atoms in close proximity |
| What is the function of van der Waals interactions? | Bond two atoms with a sharp optimum distance between them; hare the lowest energy non-covalent bonds |
| What is the function of hydrophobic interactions? | Formed due to entropy, reduce the amount of structure imposed on water |
| What is the function of disulfide bonds? | Bonds only made by1 of the 20 R-groups |
| What is larger, a carboxylic acid group or an amino acid group? | An amino acid group |
| What covalent interaction stabilizes a tertiarty structure? | Disulfide bonds |
Created by:
Katoatoato
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