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Over of Genetics
Test One: Chapter 1-3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| sex chromosomes | |
| gene pool | all the allels in a population |
| alleles | variants of a gene |
| karyotypes | individual's complete set of chromosomes |
| genetic determinism | |
| dominant | |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| genome | complete set of genetic info |
| biotechnology | use of organisms with new technologies to produce goods and services |
| # of chromoes in each human cell | 46 |
| autosomes | 22 pairs of human chromosomes |
| 3 main domains cells can be divided into | eukarya, bacteria, archaea |
| 4 broad categories of cells & tissues | muscular, connective, nervous, epithelia |
| 4 main organic compound groups | carbohydrates, protiens, nucleic acids, lipids |
| plasma membrane | membrane of lipids and proteins that form external boundary of a cell |
| diploid | the presence of 2 complete sets of chromosomes in an organism's cells |
| haploid | having a single set of unpaired chromosomes |
| apoptosis | programmed cell death |
| 3 major phases of the cell cycle | interphase, mitosis, cytokinesis |
| 3 phases of interphase | G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase |
| S phase | DNA replication or synthesis |
| phases of mitosis | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis |
| telomeres | on the tips of chromosomes that tell them to divide |
| signal transdution | |
| cellular adhesion | |
| pluripotent | cells that are able to self-renew by dividing and developing into 3 primary groups of cells, give rise to every cell type |
| IPS cells | somatic cells that reprogrammed to differentiate into several cells types |
| gametes | mature haploid male or female germ cell, sex cell |
| prostate gland | produces the fluid that nourishes and transports sperm |
| spermatogenesis | formation of sperm cells |
| embryo | first 8 weeks of a prenatal human |
| 3 primary germ layers | |
| conjoined twins | |
| critical period | when genetic abnormalites, toxic, substances, or viruses can alter a specific structure, baby's body structure and organ systems develip |
| mitochondria | |
| lipids | |
| cytokinesis | |
| telomeres | |
| cyclin-kinase pair | turns on genes that trigger mitosis |
| golgi apparatus | |
| CAM's | proteins that are found on cell surfaces |
| genotype | the allele combinations in an individual that causes traits or disorders |
| phenotype | the expressions of a gene in traits or symptoms |
| somatic cells |
Created by:
24steinr
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