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Punnett Square Vocab
The necessary terms for understanding Punnett Squares and traits being passed on
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Allele | One of two or more DNA sequences occurring at a particular gene locus |
| Heterozygous | the presence of two different alleles at a particular gene locus |
| Homozygous | The presence of two identical alleles at a particular gene locus |
| Probability | the likelihood of something happening |
| Ratio | the quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other |
| Genetic Variation | the difference in DNA among individuals or the differences between populations |
| Recessive allele | A type of allele that when present on its own will not affect the individual |
| Meiosis | a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell |
| Gamete | a mature haploid male or female germ cell which is able to unite with another of the opposite sex in sexual reproduction to form a zygote |
| Monohybrid punnett square | used to predict the possible genetic outcomes of a monohybrid cross based on probability |
| Dihybrid punnett square | a diagram used to determine what all the possible offspring of a dihybrid cross will look like |
| Dominance | greater influence by one of a pair of genes (alleles) that affect the same inherited character |
| Co-dominance | a type of inheritance in which two versions (alleles) of the same gene are expressed separately to yield different traits in an individual |
| Incomplete dominance | a form of Gene interaction in which both alleles of a gene at a locus are partially expressed, often resulting in an intermediate or different phenotype |
| Punnett Squares | a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment |
| Law of Segregation | When an organism makes gametes, each gamete receives just one gene copy, which is selected randomly |
| Law of Independent Assortment | describes how different genes independently separate from one another when reproductive cells develop |
| Genotype | a scoring of the type of variant present at a given location (i.e., a locus) in the genome. It can be represented by symbols. For example, BB, Bb, bb could be used to represent a given variant in a gene |
| Phenotype | an individual's observable traits, such as height, eye color and blood type. determined by genotype |
| Homozygous dominant | carries two copies of the same dominant allele; Example: BB |
| Homozygous recessive | carries two copies of the same recessive allele; Example: bb |
Created by:
mocarte
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