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AP Semester 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organ in the circulatory system that pumps blood. | heart |
| Blood vessels in the circulatory system that return blood from body tissues to the heart. | veins |
| Blood vessels in the circulatory system that carry blood away from the heart to body tissues. | arteries |
| The circulatory's main function is the circulation of _____ through the body. | blood |
| Blood transports molecules such as _________, oxygen, cellular waste, and hormones. | nutrients |
| Blood transports molecules such as nutrients, ______, cellular waste, and hormones. | oxygen |
| Blood transports molecules such as nutrients, oxygen, ________ _____, and hormones. | cellular waste |
| Blood transports molecules such as nutrients, oxygen, cellular waste, and ________. | hormones |
| The circulatory system interacts with all body systems because it __________ nutrients and oxygen to all cells. | transports |
| Blood transports oxygen from lungs to cells and carbon dioxide waste from cells to lungs: circulatory and ___________. | respiratory |
| Blood transports hormones to target cells in other parts of the body: circulatory and _________. | endocrine |
| Blood picks up absorbed nutrients from intestines and transports it to the body: circulatory and _________. | digestive |
| Kidneys filter waste from the blood and excrete it as urine: circulatory and _________. | excretory |
| Bone marrow in long bones make blood cells: circulatory and ________. | skeletal |
| Blood transports oxygen and nutrients so they can function, and muscles move blood: circulatory and ________. | muscular |
| White blood cells attack harmful pathogens in the blood: circulatory and ______. | immune |
| Framework of the head in the skeletal system that protects the brain. | skull |
| A bone or series of bones consisting in the human body as a flat, narrow bone connected with the clavicle and ribs. | sternum |
| The skeletal enclosure that protects the heart and lungs. | rib cage |
| Any bones or segments composing the spinal column that the spinal cord passes through. Sometimes called irregular bones. | vertebrae |
| A soft, fatty tissue in the interior cavities of bones that serves as a major site for blood cell production. | bone marrow |
| The larger of the two leg bones that extend from the knee to the ankle; shinbone. | tibia |
| The smaller of the two leg bones that extend from the knee to the ankle. | fibula |
| The place where two elements or bones of the skeleton join. | joint |
| A band of tissue serving to connect bones or hold organs in place. | ligament |
| A flexible, connective tissue that protects joints. | cartilage |
| The skeletal system ________ internal organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs. | protects |
| The skeletal system stores minerals such as _______. | calcium |
| The skeletal system aids in the formation of _____1 through bone marrow. | blood1 |
| The skeletal system provides form, _________, and stability to the body. | structure |
| The skeletal system provides ____, structure, and stability to the body. | form |
| Muscles attach to bones, which work together to produce movement: skeletal and ________1. | muscular1 |
| Bone marrow makes blood cells: skeletal and ___________1. | circulatory1 |
| Bone marrow produces white blood cells: skeletal and ______1. | immune1 |
| Ribs protect the lungs: skeletal and ___________1. | respiratory1 |
| Hormones cause bones to store or release calcium: skeletal and _________1. | endocrine1 |
| The skull protects the brain: skeletal and ________1. | nervous1 |
| In the respiratory system, hollow cavities in the skull that connect to the nasal cavity. | sinuses |
| The opening through which a human or animal takes in food (in the respiratory and digestive system). | oral cavity |
| Part of the respiratory system that is the tube that air travels through to get to the lungs. | trachea |
| Respiratory system; A muscular structure filled with mucus in which the vocal cords are located. | larynx |
| A pair of organs in the respiratory system that is used as the center for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. | lungs |
| The main function of the respiratory system which is movement of air in and out of the body. | breathing |
| It is called ___ exchange when the lungs remove carbon dioxide from the blood and replace it with oxygen. | gas |
| During gas exchange ______ _______ is removed as waste from the blood and replaced with oxygen. | carbon dioxide |
| During gas exchange carbon dioxide is removed as waste from the blood and replaced with ______1. | oxygen1 |
| The respiratory system interacts with all systems because cellular processes require ______3. | oxygen3 |
| Blood picks up oxygen from the alveoli in the lungs and drops off carbon dioxide: respiratory and ___________2. | circulatory2 |
| The diaphragm muscle contracts and relaxes to move air in and out of the lungs: respiratory and ________2. | muscular2 |
| The brain sends signals to the diaphragm to control the rate of breathing: respiratory and _______2. | nervous2 |
| Sometimes the lungs are considered part of the excretory system because they excrete gas waste: respiratory and _________2. | excretory2 |
| Ribs protect the lungs: respiratory and _______2. | skeletal2 |
| White blood cells fight off pathogens we breathe into our lungs: respiratory and ______2. | immune2 |
| A tissue composed of cells or fibers, the contraction of which produces movement in the body. | muscle |
| A cord or band of dense tissue serving to connect a muscle with a bone or part. | tendon |
| The main function of the muscular system is the movement of the ________. | skeleton |
| The muscular system helps regulate body __________ through muscle movement. | temperature |
| The muscular system helps with the movement of organs such as the _____1, bladder, lungs, stomach, and eyes. | heart1 |
| The muscular system helps with the movement of organs such as the heart, _______, lungs, stomach, and eyes. | bladder |
| The muscular system helps with the movement of organs such as the heart, bladder, _____1, stomach, and eyes. | lungs1 |
| The muscular system helps with the movement of organs such as the heart, bladder, lungs, _______, and eyes. | stomach |
| The muscular system helps with the movement of organs such as the heart, bladder, lungs, stomach, and ____. | eyes |
| Muscles attach to bones, which move the body: muscular and ________3. | skeletal3 |
| Nerves carry messages from the brain to the muscles causing them to contract/relax: muscular and _______3. | nervous3 |
| Diaphragm muscle moves air into/out of lungs: muscular and ___________3. | respiratory3 |
| Circulatory system relies on muscles to contract and squeeze blood through vessels and capillaries: muscular and ___________3. | circulatory3 |
| Muscles help move food through the digestive system: muscular and _________3. | digestive3 |
| The bladder is a muscular organ that contracts to release urine from the body: muscular and _________3. | excretory3 |
| Hormones cause muscles to grow: muscular and _________3. | endocrine3 |
| Muscles are needed to push the fetus out of the uterus during delivery: muscular and ____________3. | reproductive3 |
| Tiny muscles in skin cause hairs to "stand up" to regulate temperature: muscular and _____________3. | integumentary3 |
| Central part of the nervous system that controls and coordinates physical and mental actions. | brain |
| The cord of nerve tissue extending through the spinal canal of the spinal column. | spinal cord |
| Part of the nervous system made of fibers that acts as a pathway between the brain or spinal cord and the rest of the body. | nerves |
| The _____1 coordinates activities of other organ systems using nerve impulses. | brain1 |
| The brain coordinates activities of other organ systems using _____ impulses. | nerve |
| The nervous system uses information gathered by our ______ to coordinate appropriate responses. | senses |
| The nervous system is one of the two ________2 systems in the body. | control2 |
| Nerves carry signals to muscles, which coordinate movement of the body: nervous and ________4. | muscular4 |
| The skin contains tiny nerves that detect stimuli and send signals to the brain: nervous and ____________4. | integumentary4 |
| The brain controls heart rate: nervous and ___________4. | circulatory4 |
| The brain controls breathing: nervous and ___________4. | respiratory4 |
| Brain triggers release of hormones: nervous and __________4. | endocrine4 |
| Brain coordinates the movement of food through the system and knows when you are full or hungry: nervous and _________4. | digestive4 |
| The bladder sends a signal when it is full and brain send a signal when it is time to release urine: nervous and _________4. | excretory4 |
| Together with the endocrine system, it coordinates labor: nervous and ____________4. | reproductive4 |
| Region of the brain in the endocrine system that produces hormones and regulates many bodily functions. | hypothalamus |
| An endocrine gland at the base of the neck that secretes two hormones that regulate rates of metabolism and development. | thyroid gland |
| One of a pair of glands located above the kidneys which produces steroidal hormones. | adrenal gland |
| The male reproductive gland, either of two oval glands located in the scrotum. | testicle |
| The paired organs in the female reproductive system that produce ova and release certain hormones. | ovaries |
| A structure attached to the base of the brain that helps affect all hormonal functions in the body. | pituitary gland |
| A gland located behind the breastbone. | thymus gland |
| A gland near the stomach that secretes a digestive fluid and aids in the function of the endocrine and digestive systems. | pancreas |
| The main function of the endocrine system is the production and secretion of _________1 into the blood. | hormones1 |
| The main function of the endocrine system is the production and secretion of hormones into the _____2. | blood2 |
| Hormones __________ activities of other systems. | coordinate |
| Hormones regulate various bodily functions, such as __________, growth, and sexual functions. | metabolism |
| Hormones regulate various bodily functions, such as metabolism, ______, and sexual functions. | growth |
| The endocrine system is one of two _______ systems in the body. | control |
| The endocrine system interacts with all other systems via ________ messages it sends in the form of hormones. | chemical |
| Hormones regulate heart rate and blood vessel constriction/dilation: endocrine and ___________5. | circulatory5 |
| The brain can send signals to glands to release hormones or to stop releasing hormones: endocrine and _______5. | nervous5 |
| The testicles and ovaries are reproductive glands that secrete hormones: endocrine and ____________5. | reproductive5 |
| Hormones play a role in controlling breathing rate: endocrine and ___________5. | respiratory5 |
| Hormones regulate hunger as well as water and nutrient absorption during digestion: endocrine and __________5. | digestive5 |
| Hormones regulate how the kidneys filter the blood and regulate blood volume: endocrine and _________5. | excretory5 |
| Hormones regulate growth of bones and the storage or breakdown of calcium in the bones: endocrine and ________5. | skeletal5 |
| Hormones regulate growth of muscles: endocrine and ________5. | muscular5 |
| A passage connecting the mouth with the stomach in animals. | esophagus |
| A saclike organ for storing, diluting, and digesting food. | stomach |
| A large reddish-brown organ located in the abdominal cavity, functioning in the secretion of bile and metabolic processes. | liver |
| A gland near the stomach that secretes a digestive fluid and the hormone insulin. (1) | pancreas1 |
| The narrow, longer part of the intestines that serves to digest and absorb nutrients. | small intestine |
| The broad, shorter part of the intestines that absorbs water from and eliminates the residues of digestion. | large intestine |
| The straight, terminal section of the intestine, ending in the anus. | rectum |
| The opening at the lower end of the alimentary canal, through which the solid refuse of digestion is excreted. | anus |
| The digestive system's main function is to __________ and chemically break down food into nutrients. | physically |
| The digestive system's main function is to physically and _________ break down food into nutrients. | chemically |
| The digestive system _______ nutrients and water from the intestines into the blood. | absorbs |
| The digestive system absorbs nutrients and water from the intestines into the _____6. | blood6 |
| Defecation is the removal of solid bodily waste called _____. | feces |
| The digestive system interacts with all other systems because it provides _________1 to all cells. | nutrients1 |
| Muscles help move food/waste through the digestive system: digestive and ________6. | muscular6 |
| Nutrients from digested food are absorbed into the blood so it can carry them to all cells: digestive and ___________6. | circulatory6 |
| The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and hormones help regulate hunger/full sensations: digestive and _________6. | endocrine6 |
| Immune cells destroy pathogens that enter the digestive system as we eat: digestive and ______6. | immune6 |
| Sometimes the colon/rectum/anus are considered part of the excretory system: digestive and ________6. | excretory6 |
| Absorbs calcium needed for strong bones: digestive and ________6. | skeletal6 |
| Coordinates the movement of food through the system and triggers hunger/full sensations: digestive and _______. (6) | nervous6 |
| A pair of bean-shaped organs in the abdominal cavity that form and excrete urine and act as endocrine glands. | kidneys |
| The tubes that carry urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. | ureters |
| A sac in which the urine is retained until it is discharged from the body. | bladder |
| The tube that extends from the urinary bladder to the exterior and that in the male conveys semen as well as urine. | urethra |
| The excretory system removes waste from the _____7. | blood7 |
| Kidneys filter waste molecules from the blood and turn it into _____. | urine |
| Kidneys help to regulate the __ in the blood and the blood volume. | pH |
| Kidneys help to regulate the pH in the blood and the blood ______. | volume |
| Sometimes the excretory system is said to include the lungs, colon/anus, and skin because they all excrete _____. | waste |
| The bladder is a type of muscle that contracts to push urine waste of the body: excretory and ________7. | muscular7 |
| Hormones regulate the kidneys and keep blood volume, pH, and water levels in homeostasis: excretory and _________7. | endocrine7 |
| The brain sends signals to the kidney about blood volume, pH, and water levels: excretory and _______7. | nervous7 |
| The kidneys filter waste from the blood: excretory and ____________7. | circulatory7 |
| Any of the numerous fine, usually cylindrical, filaments growing from the skin of humans and animals. | hair |
| The external covering or integument of an animal body, especially when soft and flexible. | skin |
| A thin plate growing on the upper side of the end of a finger or toe. | nail |
| The integumentary system forms a barrier from invading organisms called __________. | pathogens |
| The integumentary system protects against damage from __ radiation. | UV |
| The integumentary system's sweat gland produce sweat which helps eliminate excess water and ____ from the body. | salt |
| The integumentary system aids in the regulation of body temperate via presence of hair and ____________. | perspiration |
| The skin contains tiny nerves that detect stimuli and send signals to the brain: integumentary and _______8. | nervous8 |
| Immune cells kill pathogens that enter through cuts/openings in the skin: integumentary and ______8. | immune8 |
| Sometimes skin is considered part of the excretory system since it excretes waste from the body: integumentary and _________8. | excretory8 |
| Tiny vessels called capillaries supply the skin with blood: integumentary and ___________8. | circulatory8 |
| Tiny muscles attach to hairs in skin that cause the hair to "stand up", this helps regulate temperature: integumentary and ________8 | muscular8 |
| The enlarged portion of the oviduct in which the fertilized ovum implants and develops; the womb of certain mammals. | uterus |
| The passage leading from the uterus to the vulva in certain female mammals. | vagina |
| The male organ of copulation and, in mammals, of urinary excretion. | penis |
| Ovaries and testicles produce reproductive cells called ____ and sperm. | eggs |
| Ovaries and testicles produce reproductive cells called eggs and _____. | sperm |
| The reproductive system is needed to pass _____ on to the next generation. | genes |
| The reproductive system provides an environment for the sperm to fuse with the egg during ____________. | fertilization |
| The testicles and ovaries are part of the endocrine system as they produce hormones: reproductive and __________9. | endocrine9 |
| Muscles are needed during labor to push the child out of the vagina: reproductive and ________9. | muscular9 |
| In males the urethra runs through the penis: reproductive and _________9. | excretory9 |
| Nerves are an important part of sexual reproduction: reproductive and _______9. | nervous9 |
| Skin protects the external reproductive organs of the male: reproductive and _____________9. | integumentary9 |
| A growing fetus relies on the nutrients absorbed from the mom's digestive system: reproductive and _________9. | digestive9 |
| Blood carries nutrients and oxygen to a growing fetus; in males, blood fills vessels in the penis: reproductive and ___________9. | circulatory9 |
| The immune system is not a true organ system, but a population of _____ that inhabit organs in our body. | cells |
| Immune cells defend the body from harmful ________2 that cause disease. | bacteria2 |
| Immune cells are concentrated in the _________ system, part of the immune system. | lymphatic |
| The immune system defends against bacteria, _______, and other pathogens. | viruses |
| The immune system removes excess _____ fluid from bodily tissues and returns it to the blood. | lymph |
| The immune system removes excess lymph fluid from bodily tissues and returns it to the _____0. | blood0 |
| The immune and lymphatic system protect other systems from _________2. | pathogens2 |
| The lymph system collects excess fluids from tissues and returns them to the circulatory system: immune and ___________0. | circulatory0 |
| The bone marrow in long bones produces immune cells, such as white blood cells: immune and ________0. | skeletal0 |
| When we consume harmful pathogens in our food, immune cells help kill them: immune and _________0. | digestive0 |
| Immune cells kill pathogens that may enter our skin through cuts/scrapes: immune and _____________0. | integumentary0 |
| Immune cells kill pathogens that enter our lungs as we breath in air: immune and ___________0. | respiratory0 |
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