Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Biology UNIT 1 Voc
AZCP Biology Unit 1 Vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Protons | Protons are positively charge Found in the nucleus of atoms |
| Neutrons | Neutrons are neutral Found in the nucleus of atoms |
| Electrons | Electrons are negatively charged Surround the nucleus |
| Compounds | Formed by two or more elements in definite proportions to create a new substance |
| atom | the basic unit of matter |
| nucleus | the center of an atom, which contains the protons and neutrons |
| element | pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom found in each box of the periodic table |
| ion | atom that has a positive or negative charge |
| molecule | smallest unit of most compounds that displays all the properties of that compound |
| Hydrogen bond aka H-Bond | weak attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and another atom that is slightly negative |
| cohesion | attraction of molecules of the same substance |
| adhesion | attraction between molecules of different substances |
| mixture | two or more elements or compounds physically mixed together, but not chemically combined |
| solution | type of mixture in which all the components are evenly distributed |
| solute | substance that is dissolved in a solution |
| solvent | dissolving substance in a solution ** greatest solvent on Earth is water |
| suspension | mixture of water and non-dissolved material |
| pH scale Power of Hydrogen scale | scale with values from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ ions in a solution |
| acid | a compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; a solution with a pH of less than 7 |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution; a solution with a pH of more than 7 |
| buffer | compound that prevents sharp, sudden changes in pH |
| monomer | small chemical unit that makes up a polymer or a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer |
| polymer | molecules made up of many monomers makes up biomolecules a substance that has a molecular structure consisting chiefly or entirely of many similar units bonded together |
| carbohydrate is also known as | carbon-water molecule |
| monosaccharides | simple sugar |
| disaccharides | double sugar |
| polysaccharides aka glycan | many sugars |
| 4 polysaccharides | Glycogen Starch Cellulose Chitin |
| -sacchar- | sugar |
| prefix (-ose) informs us that | the term is a carbohydrate (sugar) |
| Carbohydrate definition | Member of the class of biological molecules consisting of simple single-monomer sugars (monosaccharides aka simple sugar), two-monomer sugars (disaccharides aka double sugar), and other multiunit sugars (polysaccharides aka glycan) |
| Lipid definition | organic compound consisting mainly of carbon and hydrogen atoms linked by nonpolar covalent bonds, making the compound mostly hydrophobic. Lipids include fats, phospholipids, and steroids and are insoluble in water. |
| Glycerol | an alcohol containing three hydroxyl groups (OH) |
| monoglyceride | glycerol head with 1 fatty acid chain |
| diglyceride | glycerol head with 2 fatty acid chain |
| triglyceride | glycerol head with 3 fatty acid chain |
| Saturated Fatty Acid | straight fatty acid chain(s) that ONLY have single C-C (carbon to carbon) bonds; maximum # of Hydrogen present |
| Unsaturated Fatty Acid | fatty acids that contain at least one C-C double or triple bond |
| Proteins | A functional biological molecule consisting of one or more polypeptides folded into a specific three-dimensional structure. |
| Peptide Bonds | bonds that hold together amino acids |
| Polypeptide | chains of the links amino acids formed by condensation |
| Condensation | removal of water molecule |
| Catalyze | Catalyze: cause or speed up a reaction |
| Amino acid | a simple organic compound containing the 2 functional groups: carboxyl (—COOH) and an amino (—NH2) group |
| enzymes | protein that speeds up/accelerates chemical reactions without themselves being changed in the process |
| Nucleic acids | A polymer consisting of many nucleotide monomers; serves as a blueprint for proteins and, through the actions of proteins, for all cellular structures and activities. |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid |
| RNA | ribonucleic acid |
| Nucleotides | Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids organic monomer consisting of a five-carbon (pentose) sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group |
| Deoxyribose | pentose sugar for DNA |
| Ribose | pentose sugar for RNA |
| Thymine | nitrogenous base that is ONLY exists in DNA |
| Uracil | nitrogenous base that is ONLY exists in RNA |
| Other names for Biomolecules | Macromolecules Life's Molecule Organic Compounds Organic Chemicals Biological Molecules |
| Water | Polar molecule consisting of 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom greatest solvent on earth universal solvent |
| C | CARBON |
| H | HYDROGEN |
| O | OXYGEN |
| N | NITROGEN |
| P | PHOSPHORUS |
Created by:
kingazcp
Popular Biology sets