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biology chapter 1
1.1 - 1.5 terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Biosphere | all organisms and the part of earth where they exist |
| biodiversity | the variety of organisms in a given area, the genetic variation within a population, the variety of species in a community, or the variety of communities in an ecosystem |
| species | a group of organisms that are closely related and can ate to produce fertile offspring; also the level of classification below genus and above subspecies |
| biology | the scientific study of living organisms and their interactions with the environment |
| science | the knowledge obtained by observing natural events and conditions in order to discover facts and formulate laws or principles that can be verified or tested |
| organism | a living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently |
| cell | in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm |
| metabolism | the sum of all chemical processes that occur in an organism |
| DNA | deoxyribonucleic acid, the material that contains the information that determines inherited characteristics |
| system | changing, organized group of related parts that interact to form a whole |
| ecosystem | a community of organisms and their abiotic environment |
| homeostasis | the maintenance of a constant internal state in a changing environment; a constant internal state that is maintained in a changing environment by continually making adjustments to the internal and external environment |
| evolution | generally, in biology, the process of change by which new species develop from preexisting species over time; at genetic level, the process in which inherited characteristics whit in populations change over time |
| adaptation | the process of being adapted to an environment; an anatomical, physiological, or behavioral change that improves a population's ability to survive |
| observation | the process of obtaining information by using the senses; the information obtained by using the senses |
| data | observations and measurements recorded during an experiment |
| hypothesis | a testable idea or explanation that leads to scientific investigation |
| experiment | a procedure that is carried out under controlled conditions to discover, demonstrate, or test, theory, or general truth |
| independent variable | condition or factor that is manipulated by a scientist during an experiment |
| dependent variable | experimental data collected through observation and measurement |
| constant | condition that is controlled so that it dose not change during an experiment |
| theory | a system of ideas that explains many related observations and is supported by a large body of evidence acquired through scientific investigation |
| measurement | a determination of the dimensions of something using a standard unit |
| accuracy | a description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured |
| precision | the exactness of a measurement |
| microscope | tool that provides an enlarged image of an object |
| gene | the most basic physical unit of heredity; a segment of nucleic acids that codes for a functional unit of RNA and /or a protein |
| molecular genetics | study of DNA structure and function on the molecular level |
| genomics | the study of entire genomes, especially by using technology to compare genes within and between species |
| biotechnology | use and application of living things and biological processes |
| transgenic | organism whose genome has been altered to contain one or more genes from another organism or species |
Created by:
Haley W
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