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Ch 2 Foundations Pt1

Vocabulary

TermDefinition
Stonehenge famous ancient astronomical observatory and/or calendar
Geocentric Earth-centered model of the universe
Retrograde Motion apparent backwards motion of a planet in the sky over a number of days
Inferior orbits that are closer to the Sun than the Earth's
Superior orbits that are farther from the Sun than the Earth's
Opposition when a planet is in the opposite direction of the Sun in the sky
Conjunction when a planet is in the same direction as the Sun in the sky
Ptolemy developed a geocentric model of the universe with epicycles and deferents
Epicycle small loop in the Ptolemaic model that accounted for planets' retrograde motions
Deferent larger circle in the Ptolemaic model that represents planets' orbits
Heliocentric Sun-centered model of the solar system
Aristarchus first hypothesized a heliocentric model of the universe
Copernicus widely introduced the heliocentric model
Telescope used to collect and focus as much light as possible while viewing objects in the sky
Galileo used a telescope to discover the phases of Venus, major satellites of Jupiter, the Moon's surface features, and sunspots to help prove the heliocentric model
Created by: john_bailey720
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