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bio

TermDefinition
Genome a genome is the complete set of DNA within an organism, including all its genes
DNA Structure phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base
Gene A gene is a section of DNA that carries that code to make a protein
Allele An allele is an alternative form of a gene, we have two one from each parent
How is DNA packaged into chromosomes? DNA double helix becomes tightly coiled around proteins known as histones, these coils become further coiled into super coils call nucleosomes
down syndrome Trisomy 21, a man with down syndrome
ratio ratio 9:3:3:1
what does the human genome project improve? diagnosing illnesses
Pedigree recessive autosomal
Co-dominance A pattern of dominance where both alleles from the genotype of a heterozygous individual are dominant
Dominance a pattern of dominance where only the dominant allele from the genotype of a heterozygous
Homozygous having identical alleles for the same gene on homologous chromosomes
Heterozygous having different alleles for the same gene on homologous chromosomes
Homologous a pair of chromosomes of similar length, gene position, and centromere location. One of the pair is inherited from the mother and the other from the father
Karyotype a visual representation of an individuals entire genome organised into homologous pairs
Autosome any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
Genotype the genetic composition of an organism at one particular gene locus, as represented by letters
Phenotype the physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism that are the result of gene expression and its environment
X-Linked a trait controlled by a gene that is located on the X chromosome
what is the impact of recombination on the population genetic diversity
DNA Structure phosphate, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base
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