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Intro to A & P
Basics of A&P
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is anatomy? | It is the structure of the body. |
| What is physiology? | It is the function of the body. |
| What are subjective symptoms? | Symptoms that are told by the patient (headaches). |
| What are objective symptoms? | Symptoms that can be seen, observed, or measured (hypertension) |
| What is the structure order? | Chemical to cellular to tissue to organs to organ systems to the body |
| What is homeostasis? | It is to maintain stable, internal conditions no matter what changes are occurring outside of the body. |
| What is the anatomical position? | When the body is facing forward while the arms are down the side with the palms facing forward. |
| The sagital plane is... | A split that divides the body into left and right. |
| The medial plane are... | Structures toward the midline |
| The parasagital plane is... | Parallel to the sagital line but only on one side |
| The lateral line is... | Structures further away from the midline |
| The coronal line is... | Splits the body into front and back. |
| The proximal line is... | Towards the trunk |
| The transverse line... | Splits the body into top and bottom. |
| The distal line is... | Away from the trunk. |
| What are axial parts? | All structures in the center of the body. |
| What are appendicular parts? | Structures attached to the body's axis. |
| What is the anterior plane? | It is the front of the body. |
| What is the posterior plane? | It is the back of the body. |
| Where is the superior plane? | It is towards the top of the body. |
| Where is the inferior plane? | It is towards the bottom of the body. |
| What is the supine position? | lying down, face up |
| What is the prone position? | lying down, face down |
| What is the lateral position? | Lying down on either side |
| What are anatomical landmarks? | Structures that can be palpated. |
| What are anatomical regions? | Reference positions. |
| What is surface anatomy? | To locate structures on or near the body surface that can be seen. |
| What are the 4 abdominal quadrants? | RUQ,RLQ,LUQ,LLQ |
| Peritoneum means... | abdomen |
| Pleura means... | lungs |
| Pericardium... | cardiac |
| Visceral means... | organ |
| Perieteal means... | wall |
| Perituneam means... | liver |
| What is peritoneal organ? | An organ is wrapped in serous membrane. |
| What is retroperitoneal? | The organ is behind perituneam and not wrapped in serous membrane. |
| What is the pelvic cavity? | It is the reproductive organs, bladder, and rectum. |
| Where is the mediasturnum? | The area behind the sturnum. |
| What is the thoracic cavity? | Has the mediasternum, diaphragm, pleural cavities, and the pericardial. |
| What are cavities? | Closed, fluid spaces that protect internal organs and allow them to change shape |
| What is serousa? | It is thin tissue lining on inside walls (covering organs). |
| Where is the pelvic cavity? | inferior to the abdominal cavity |
| Autoregulation occurs where? | At the cell and tissue level |
| Extrinsic regulation is where? | It is by the nervous and endocrine system. |
| What are receptors? | It receives stimulus or detects change, thermostat |
| What is the control center? | It processes the receptors' info, then decides based on your set point |
| What is the effector? | It carries out info from CC to restore homeostasis. |
| What is negative feedback? | It is the response that reverses the original stimulus and restores homeostasis. |
| Thermoregulation is... | sweating to cool the body |
| Positive feedback is... | when the body is moved away from homeostasis or amplifies the original change |
| H is a... | Proton |
| Dynamic equilibrium is... | the continual adaptation to changing conditions |
| Lack of __________ causes what? | dynamic euilibrium |
| _______ determines the ________ properties of an atom. | Electrons, chemical |
| What is a bond? | It is a weak or strong electrical attraction that holds atoms in the same vicinity |
| What are ionic bonds? | an atom that has a + or - charge |
| What are covalent bonds? | It is the sharing of an electron through the valence shell |
| Cation has a ____ charge and an anion has a ____ charge. | positive, negative |
| Nonpolar means... | equal sharing of electrons with no charge |
| Polar means... | nonequal sharing of electrons (water) |
| s+= | positive charge |
| s- = | negative charge |
| What is a free radical? | an atom, ion, or molecule that contains unpaired electrons in valence shell but can damage vital proteins like enzymes |
| OIL RIG stands for... | oxidation is loss of an electron, reduction is gain of an electron |
| Surface tension is... | how difficult it is to stretch or break the attraction of hydrogen bonds |
| Surfactant is... | the thing that breaks the water tension |
| Metabolism is... | when all chemical reactants take place at any given moment |
| Energy is... | the capacity to do work |
| Work is... | the movement of an object |
| Kinetic energy is... | the energy of motion |
| Chemical energy is... | potential energy stored in chemical bonds |
| The amount of ____ is proportional to the amount of ___ done. | heat, work |
| Water is special because... | of its reactivity, specific heat capacity, and lubrication |
| An aqueous solution is... | a solution with mostly water |
| __________ imbalance seriously disturbs vital body fluids. | Electrolytes |
| Colloid means... | the blood pressure and protein status |
| Suspension means... | the particles will precipitate and contains large particles that settle out of solution |
| pH of blood is... | 7.35-7.45 |
Created by:
traviafun
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