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Heredity

Heredity Science 7

QuestionAnswer
heredity passing of traits from one generation to another
alleles different forms of a trait that a gene may have
Gregor Mendel the father of genetics who experimented with garden peas
hybrid having different alleles from each parent
purebred producing the same traits, generation after generation
cross pollination transfer from one flower to a second flower
dominant A trait that covers up the other allele; Uses a capital letter to represent it
recessive A trait that is hidden; Use a lowercase letter to represent it
Punnett Square a tool used to predict Mendelian genetics
genotype genetic makeup of an organism
phenotype physical appearance resulting from genotype
Homozygous Two of the same alleles for a trait (TT or tt)
Heterozygous Two different alleles for a trait (Tt)
probability the chance that an event will take place
cancer tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division
genetic disorder an inherited disease or disorder that is caused by a mutation in a gene or by a chromosomal defect
asexual reproduction reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent
sexual reproduction type of reproduction in which cells from two parents unite to form a new organism that is NOT genetically identical to either parent
cloning making a genetically identical copy of DNA of an organism
Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) an organism whose genetic material has been altered through some genetic engineering technology or technique
Pedigree Chart diagrams the inheritance of a trait through generations of a family
gene a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring
Genetics the study of Heredity
human sex cells 23 chromosomes (ex. sperm, egg)
human body cells 46 chromosomes (ex. skin cell, liver cell)
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