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Chapter 1
BIO
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Anatomy | Describes the physical structures of the body. |
| Physiology | How these structures work and what their function is. |
| Surface anatomy | exterior features, landmarks |
| Regional anatomy | Body areas |
| Sectional anatomy | cross sections- CT scans |
| Systemic anatomy | organ systems |
| clinical anatomy | specialties- radiology/pathophys |
| developmental anatomy | conception through adulthood |
| Cytology physiology | study of cells |
| Histology | study of tissues |
| Symptoms | subjective changes that are reported by a patient |
| signs | objective changes that are observed, measured, and recorded. |
| Steps of the scientific method | Observation, question, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion, reproduce the experiment. |
| Levels of organization | Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, organ systems, organism. |
| anatomical position | hands at side, palms out |
| Supine | lying down face up |
| Prone | lying down, face down |
| Lateral recumbent | lying on one side |
| Frontal section | Divides body front (anterior) and back (posterior) |
| sagittal | divides left and right |
| Midsagittal | equal left and right sections |
| Parasagittal | not equal left and right sections |
| Transverse | Top (Superior) and Bottom (inferior) sections |
| Dorsal Body Cavity | Contains the cranial and vertebral cavities |
| Cranial Cavity | Contains the brain |
| Vertebral cavity | contains the spinal cord |
| Ventral Cavity | Contains the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities, which are separated by the diaphragm |
| Thoracic cavities | 1. Mediastinum- contains pericardial (heart), esophagus, thymus gland. 2. Left pleural cavity- surrounds the left lung 3. Right pleural cavity- surrounds the right lung |
| Abdominopelvic | 1. Abdominal- contains the stomach, liver, spleen 2. Pelvic- contains the bladder and reproductive organs |
| Serous fluid | Reduces friction for everyday actions such as breathing. Moistens membranes to prevent sticking. |
| 3 types of serous membranes | 1. pleura 2. pericardium 3. peritoneum |
| Homeostasis | Regulates your body. Such as regulates blood sugar, pH levels, and body temp. |
| Negative Feedback | When a variable triggers a counter response to in order to get body back to your set point. eg. blood sugar, temperature |
| Positive feedback | When the body intensifies the variable. eg: childbirth. |
| Homeostatic regulation mechanism | Receptor- detects environment Control Center- Processes receptor information Effector- Brings about the desired change through an action |
Created by:
akc02040
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