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Command Terms IB ESS
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Define | Give the precise meaning of a word phrase concept or physical quantity. |
| Draw | Represent by means of a labelled, accurate diagram or graph, using a pencil. A ruler should be used for straight lines. Diagrams should be drawn to scale. Graphs should have points correctly plotted and joined in a straight line or smooth curve. |
| Label | Add label to a diagram. |
| List | Give a sequence of brief answers with no explanation. |
| Measure | Obtain a value for a quantity. |
| State | Give a specific name, value or other brief answer without explanation or calculation. |
| Annotate | Add brief notes to a diagram or graph. |
| Apply | Use an idea, equation, principle, theory or law in relation to a given problem or issue. |
| Calculate | Obtain a numerical answer showing the relevant stages of working. |
| Describe | Give a detailed account. |
| Distinguish | Make clear the differences between two or more concepts or items. |
| Estimate | Obtain an approximate value. |
| Identify | Provide an answer from a number of possibilities. |
| Interpret | Use knowledge and understanding to recognize trends and draw conclusions from given information. |
| Outline | Give a brief account or summary. |
| Analyse | Break down in order to bring out the essential elements or structure. |
| Comment | Give a judgement based on a given statement or result of calculation. |
| Compare and contrast | Give an account of similarities and differences between two (or more) items or situations, referring to both (all) of them throughout. |
| Construct | Display information in a diagrammatic or logical form. |
| Deduce | Reach a conclusion from the information given. |
| Demonstrate | Make clear by reasoning or evidence, illustrating with examples or practical application. |
| Derive | Manipulate a mathematical relationship to give a new equation or relationship. |
| Design | Produce a plan, simulation or model. |
| Determine | Obtain the only possible answer. |
| Discuss | Offer a considered and balanced review that includes a range of arguments, factors or hypotheses. Opinions or conclusions should be presented clearly and supported by appropriate evidence. |
| Evaluate | Make an appraisal by weighing up the strengths and limitations. |
| Explain | Give a detailed account including reasons or causes. |
| Examine | Consider an argument or concept in a way that uncovers the assumptions and interrelationships of the issue. |
| Justify | Provide evidence to support or defend a choice, decision, strategy or course of action. |
| Predict | Give an expected result. |
| Sketch | Represent by means of a diagram or graph (labelled as appropriate). The sketch should give a general idea of the required shape or relationship, and should include relevant features. |
| Suggest | Propose a solution, hypothesis or other possible answer. |
| To what extent | Consider the merits or otherwise of an argument or concept. Opinions and conclusions should be presented clearly and supported with appropriate evidence and sound argument. |