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Nature of Science
First we explore the nature of science to understand the way it all works.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Observation | An observation is information being collected during an experiment through the senses. (sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell) |
| Hypothesis | A proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.(An educated guess) |
| Data | Facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis. |
| Quantitative Data | Quantitative data consists solely of numerical values. (Numbers) |
| Qualitative Data | Qualitative data can be any type of content, ranging from words and letters to video and audio clips. |
| Controlled Experiment | Experiments done correctly! Using a control group and an experimental group together to test specific outcomes and gather more valid results with accountability. |
| Control / Control Group | The standard to which comparisons are made in an experiment. |
| Experimental Group | Ideally, the control group and the experimental groups are identical in every way except that the experimental groups are subjected to treatments or interventions believed to have an effect on the outcome of interest while the control group is not. |
| Dependent Variable | The dependent variable is the variable being tested and measured in an experiment, and is 'dependent' on the independent variable. |
| Independent Variable | The independent variable is the variable the experimenter manipulates or changes, and is assumed to have a direct effect on the dependent variable. |
| Theory | A well-substantiated explanation of an aspect of the natural world that can incorporate laws, hypotheses and facts. |
| Evidence | The available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid. |
| Inference | A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning. |