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Test Questions
Exam 1 test questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which statement about the properties of life is false? | Organisms have an unchanging, constant internal environment |
| Life is organized in a hierarchical fashion which sequence correctly lists that hierarchy from least inclusive to most inclusive? | Molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ system, organism, population, community, ecosystem |
| Which statement best describes the relationship between a tissue and an organ system? | A tissue cannot exist unless it is a component of an organ system, whereas an organ system can exist independently of tissues. |
| If you eat a hamburger, you are mainly eating ground up beef muscle. What levels of organization are represented in this ground up muscle? | Organelle, cell, and tissue. |
| Which statement about bacteria is true? | Bacteria are in the domain of their own. |
| Members of the kingdom Animalia | Can obtain their food by eating other organisms. |
| Which of the following is a group within the domain Eukarya? | Fungi |
| A hypothesis is? | A proposed explanation for a set of observations. |
| A theory is a(n) | Concept in the early stages that still needs to be tested |
| The role of a control in an experiment is to | Provide a basis of comparison to the experimental group |
| A scientist performs a controlled experiment. This means that... | Two versions of the experiment is conducted, one different from the other by only a single variable. |
| The four most common elements in living organisms are | C,H,O,N |
| Which of the following is a trace element in the human body? | Zinc |
| Which of the following statements best describes a compound? | A compound contains two or more different elements in a fixed ratio. |
| Electrons move about the nucleus of an atom in the same way that | Insect fly around a bright lamp at night |
| What is the atomic mass of an atom that has six protons, six neutrons, and six electrons? | 12 |
| The sodium atom contains 11 electrons, 11 protons, and 12 neutrons. What is the mass number of sodium? | 23 |
| Which of the following best describes the atomic number of an atom? | The number of protons in the atom |
| Windfall, the innermost electron shell of organ contains_________ electrons, and the outer most shell contains________ electrons | 2, 8 |
| What happens to an atom of the electrons in the outer shower altered? | The atom acquires different properties |
| A(n) __________ forms when two atoms share electrons. | Covalent bond |
| It has an atom has one electron how many covalent bonds can hydrogen form? | one |
| What is the fundamental difference between covalent and ionic bonding? | In a covalent bond, the partners share a pair of electrons; in an ionic bond, one partner accepts electrons from the other. |
| Which of the following statements regarding the option Adam of a water molecule is true? | Oxygen is more electronegative than the hydrogen atoms. |
| In a water molecule, hydrogen and oxygen are hell together by a ________ bond. | Polar covalent |
| The hydrogen atoms of a water molecules are bonded to the oxygen atom by________ bonds, whereas neighboring water molecules are held together by __________bonds | polar covalent; hydrogen |
| Water molecules stick to other water molecules because | Hydrogen bonds form between the hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the oxygen atoms of other water molecules. |
| Which of the following statements regarding chemical reactions is false? | Chemical reactions involve the making and breaking of chemical bonds. |
| In the equation 2H2 + 02 = 2 H2O, the H2 molecules are ________ and the H2O molecules are ________. | Reactants; Products |
| Which of the following statements about water is false? | Ice is denser than liquid water |
| You've made a hot drink by dissolving a teaspoon of instant coffee in a teaspoon of sugar in a cup of hot water which of the following statements is true? | You've just prepared an aqueous solution |
| A pharmaceutical company hires a chemist to analyze the purity of water being used in its drug preparation. If the water is pure, the chemist would expect to find | Only molecules of H2O |
| A solution with a pH of seven is | Neutral |
| The figure below shows five water molecules. The hydrogen bonds shown in this figure are each between..... | And oxygen and hydrogen atoms of different water molecules |
| Below is the structure of leucine, and amino acid. What type of bond is the arrow pointing to? | A polar covalent bond |
| Organic Compounds | always contain carbon |
| Which of the following statements regarding carbon is false? | Carbon has the ability to bond with up to six other Atoms |
| Which of the following statements about hydrocarbons is false? | Hydrocarbons are in organic compounds. |
| Propanol and isopropanol are isomers. This means that they have | The same molecular formula but different chemical properties |
| A hydroxyl group is | Characteristic of alcohols |
| Which of the following is a carboxyl group? | -COOH |
| Which of the following is an amino group? | -NH2 |
| Which of the following contains a carboxyl and an amino group? | Amino acid |
| Which of the following statements about the monomers and polymers found in living organisms is false? | Monomers are joined together by the process of a hydrolysis |
| What is the general function of enzymes within a cell? | To speed up chemical reactions |
| Mini names for sugar end in the suffix | -ose |
| A disaccharide forms when | Two monosaccharides joined by dehydration reactions |
| Fatty acids are | Composed of hydrocarbon chains in a carboxyl group |
| A phospholipid is composed of | One glycerol molecule linked to one phosphate group and two fatty acids |
| A major type of liquid found in cell membranes is | Phospholipids |
| Peptide bond | link amino acids |
| Which of the following would be correctly classified as a protein? | An enzyme |
| The primary structure of a protein is | The amino acid sequence of the polypeptide chain |
| Which of the following is an example of secondary structure in protein? | An alpha helix |
| How are these two amino acids attached | Amino group to carboxyl group |
| In the plasma membrane, the phospholipid heads | Or hydrophilic and face outward toward Soccer solution on both sides of the membrane |
| Archaea are composed of _________ cells. | Prokaryotic |
| _________ cells lack a membrane – enclosed nucleus. | Prokaryotic |
| The nucleus of a cell | Contains DNA. |
| The complex of proteins and DNA any nondividing cell is called | Chromatin |
| During cell reproduction, chromatin fibers coil up into structures called | Chromosomes |
| The main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is production of | Membranes and proteins secreted by the cell |
| Secretory proteins are | Produced by the cell for internal use |
| Which of the following statements regarding the Golgi apparatus is false? | The Golgi apparatus decreases in size from a cell increases its protein production. |
| Insulin is a protein that is produced by pancreatic cells and secreted into the bloodstream. Which of the following options correctly list the order of the structures through which insulin passes from its production to its exit from the cell? | Rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane. |
| The function of mitochondria is | Cellular respiration |
| Cyanide inhibits mitochondrial function; as a result, the rate of | ATP synthesis decreases. |
| The function of chloroplasts is | Photosynthesis |
| The Endosymbiosis hypothesis proposes that | A small soul lived inside a larger cells to the benefit of both cells. |
| Microfilaments differ from microtubules in that microfilaments | I mainly composed of actin, whereas microtubules are composed of tubulin. |
| Which of the following statements about the cytoskeleton is false? | Once laid down, the elements of the cytoskeleton are fixed and remain permanently in place |
| Cilia differ from flagella in that | Cilia are typically more numerous in shorter than flagella |
| Skin cells are fastened into strong sheets by | Anchoring junctions |
| It is essential for heart muscle cells to beat in a coordinated fashion. The cell junctions that would best facilitate this are | Gap junctions |
| The fluid mosaic model describes the plasma membrane as consisting of | Carbohydrates and phospholipids that can drift in the membrane |
| Membrane phospholipids | Are able to drift about in the plasma membrane |
| Plasma membranes are selectively permeable. This means that | The plasma membrane allows some substances to enter or leave a cell more easily than others |
| Which of the following statements regarding membrane function is false? | The plasma membrane is the control center of the cell |
| How do oxygen molecules travel through a cell membrane? | Diffusion |
| Oxygen crosses a part membrane by | Osmosis |
| Which of the following statements regarding diffusion is false? | Diffusion occurs when particles spread from areas where they are less concentrated to areas where there are more concentration |
| Diffusion does not require the cell to expend ATP. Therefore, diffusion is considered a type of | Passive transport. |
| Osmosis can be defined as | The diffusion of water |
| When to aqueous solutions that differ in salute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will... | Exhibit a net movement to the side with lower free water concentration |
| A cell that has neither a net gain of water nor a net loss of water when it is immersed in a solution must be | Isotonic and it's environment |
| Facilitated diffusion across a biological membrane requires______ and moves a substance______ its concentration gradient | Transport proteins; down |
| The molecules responsible for membrane transport are | Proteins |
| Which of the following processes can move a solute against its concentration gradient? | Active transport |
| Which of the following statements regarding active transport is false? | Active transport is driven by the concentration gradient |
| Certain cells that line the stomach synthesize a digestive enzyme and secrete it into the stomach. This enzyme is a protein. Which of the following processes would be responsible for its secretion? | Exocytosis |
| Kinetic energy differs from chemical energy in that | Kinetic energy is the energy of a moving object, whereas chemical energy is potential energy of molecules |
| Glucose molecules provide energy to power the swimming motion of sperm. In this example, the sperm are changing | Chemical energy into kinetic energy |
| Which of the following processes is endergonic? | The synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide and water |
| What is the basic difference between exergonic and endergonic reactions? | Exergonic reactions release energy; endergonic reactions absorb it |
| Which of the following statements about ATP is true? | It releases energy when one phosphate group leaves ATP |
| The transfer of a phosphate group to a molecule or compound is called | Phosphorylation |
| Most of a cells enzymes are | Proteins |
| When an enzyme catalyzes a reaction | It lowers the activation energy of the reaction |
| The active site of an enzyme is | The region of an enzyme that attaches to the substrate |
| Which of the following statements regarding enzymes function is false? | Enzymes are used up when they catalyze the chemical reaction so must be synthesized for each new chemical reaction |
| Which of the following statements regarding enzymes is true? | Enzymes catalyze specific reactions. |
| Heating inactivates enzymes by | Changing the enzymes three dimensional shape |
| How does inhibition of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction by a competitive inhibitor differ from an inhibition by a non-competitive inhibitor? | Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site of the enzyme; noncompetitive inhibitors bind to a different site |
| Which part of the ATP molecule breaks free of the rest when an ATP molecule releases energy? | Part D |
| Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true? | Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, and cellular respiration occurs and mitochondria. |
| Which of the following are products of cellular respiration? | Energy to make ATP and carbon dioxide and water |
| The overall equation for the cellular respiration of glucose is | C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ENERGY |
| Humans use the calories they obtain from _______ as their source of energy. | food |
| The label on the box of breakfast cereal with one serving as containing "200 calories" per serving. How many calories are actually in one serving? | 200,000 |
| During cellular respiration, energy in glucose | Is carried by electrons. |
| During redox reactions, | Electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance |
| Oxidation is the_______, and reduction is the_______ | Loss of electron; gain of electrons |
| During cellular respiration, NADH | Do you live or its electron low to the first electron carrier molecule. |
| Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism? | Glycolysis |
| As a result of glycolysis, there is a net gain of _______ ATP's | 2 |
| Which of the following is a result of glycolysis? | Conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds |
| Pyruvate | Forms at the end of glycolysis |
| The end products of the citric acid cycle include all the following except | Pyruvate |
| As electrons move through the mitochondrial space | The pH of the inter-membrane space changes |
| Which of the following statements about the energy yield of aerobic respiration is false? | Oxidative phosphorylation resulting from 1 glucose molecule yields about 12 ATP molecules |
| A child is born with a rare disease in which my mitochondria are missing from skeletal muscle cells, however, the muscles still function. Physicians find that the | Muscles contain large amounts of lactate following even mild physical exercise |
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Mcgilvraymandi
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