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BIO 120-Gene Expr
BC-Gene Expression: From Gene to Protein
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The sugar found in a nucleotide of RNA is: | Ribose |
| What are the anti-codons that would base pair with these codons? GCA - AUA | CGU - UAU |
| The type of RNA capable of carrying an amino acid and has an anti-codon. | tRNA |
| The region on the DNA to which RNA polymerase binds. | Promoter |
| What type of mutations occur when a single base is changed? | Point Mutations |
| Codons on the mRNA which signal the end of translation are known as: | Stop Codons |
| In RNA, the base Adenine pairs with: | Uracil |
| The region of the Lac Operon that binds the repressor protein. | Operator |
| What molecule binds to the repressor protein in the Lac Operon and induces the transcription of the genes? | Lactose |
| Another name for the regulatory protein of the Lac Operon. | Repressor |
| The name of the enzyme which assembles new nucleotides to growing RNA strands during transcription. | RNA Polymerase |
| This molecule binds to the operator to block transcription of the genes. | Regulatory Protein |
| What are the subunits (building blocks) of nucleic acids? | Nucleotides |
| The site of protein synthesis is the: | Ribosome |
| This consists of a promoter, an operator and the genes controlled by the mechanism. | Operon |
| In general, what are the 3 parts of a nucleotide? | Phosphate, Sugar, Base |
| The type of RNA which becomes the ribosome? | rRNA |
| The process which makes RNA from the DNA template. | Transcription |
| The type of RNA which carries the message (has codons)? | mRNA |
| What type of mutation codes for a wrong amino acid? | Missense Mutations |
| In DNA & RNA, the base Cytosine pairs with: | Guanine |
| Base triplets found on mRNA are known as: | Codons |
| Base triplets found on tRNA are known as: | Anti-codons |
| The process that produces protein from the message contained on the mRNA. | Translation |
| What type of mutation codes for a stop codon? | Nonsense Mutation |
| What is another name for a point mutation? | Base Substitution |
| The Lac operon begins as: (on or off) and then is induced by lactose. | Off |
| Thymine is substituted by _____ in RNA. | Uracil |
| What disease is caused by a single base change which results in an error in hemoglobin's structure? | Sickle Cell Anemia |
| What would the RNA bases be that would pair with: T C A G ? | A G U C |
| These are the NON-coding sections in a gene that are removed by RNA splicing. | Introns |
| These are the sections that carry the code for the amino acid sequence and that are not spliced out. | Exons |
| The ribosomal site that binds the tRNA that has the growing polypeptide chain attached. | P Site |
| The ribosomal site that binds the tRNA that carries the next amino acid to be added. | A Site |
| The ribosomal site where tRNA's leave the ribosome. | E Site |
| The name of the enzyme which binds the amino acid to the tRNA molecule. | Amino-acyl tRNA synthase |
| This is the start codon: | AUG |
| This is the start anti-codon: | UAC |
| The amino acid carried by the initiator tRNA is _______. | Methionine |
| The name for the covalent bond linking amino acids in proteins. | Peptide bond |
| The term for many ribosomes translating the same mRNA message at the same time. | Polyribosome |
| The type of mutation which does not result in a different amino acid. | Silent mutation |
| The type of mutation add extra nucleotide pairs into a gene. | Insertions |
| The type of mutation removes nucleotide pairs from a gene. | Deletions |
| The type of mutation results in altering the reading frame. | Frameshift mutation |
| These are physical or chemical agents that can cause mutations. | Mutagens |
| The Lac Operon is considered _______ because it starts as OFF. | Inducible |
| The Trp Operon is considered _______ because it starts as ON. | Repressible |
| The Lac Operon codes for enzymes which control which type of metabolic pathway? | Catabolic |
| The Trp Operon codes for enzymes which control which type of metabolic pathway? | Anabolic |
| _______ is considered the co-repressor in the Trp operon. | Tryptophan |
| The co-repressor binds to the ______ and allows it to bind to the operator. | Repressor Protein |
| These types of genes have mutations that code for proteins that stimulate cell growth in cancer cells. | Oncogenes |
Created by:
callen-pbsc
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