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BIO 120-Respiration
BC-Cellular Respiration
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What step turns pyruvate into acetyl? | A decarboxylation step. |
| Combined oxidation/reduction reactions are called: | redox reactions |
| Is oxygen reduced or oxidized at the end of the ETC? | Reduced (to form water with H+) |
| What two gradients exist in the ETC? | Charge and H+ concentration gradients |
| Glycolysis is not considered part of respiration, because it occurs in the ____. | Cytoplasm of the cell. |
| The reactant gas of respiration is: | Oxygen |
| Which type of fermentation is used by fungi and bacteria to make cheese and yogurt? | Lactic Acid (Lactate) Fermentation |
| What is common to aerobic respiration and both fermentation types? | Glycolysis is the first step. |
| What molecules are recycled in the Kreb's cycle? | Oxaloacetate and Coenzyme A |
| NADH donates _____ and _____ to power ATP synthesis. | H+ |
| The end products of glycolysis are _______. | Two molecules of pyruvate. |
| The gradient of ______ drives the formation of ATP in chemiosmosis. | H+ (Hydrogen ions) |
| The 2C acetyl + oxaloacetate makes ______. | Citrate |
| The NET number of ATP produced in glycolysis. | 2 ATP |
| How many carbons in acetyl? | 2C |
| What is decarboxylation? | The loss of a carbon as carbon dioxide. |
| What are the 3 parts of aerobic respiration? | Glycolysis, the Kreb's Cycle, and the ETC Note: Including Glycolysis in this. |
| This is the organelle in which aerobic respiration occurs. | The Mitochondria |
| How many ATP's are produced in both fermentation pathways? | 2 ATP only |
| How many carbons in citrate? | 6C |
| What is the term for organisms that can use either fermentation or respiration? | Facultative Anaerobes |
| Glycolysis is the splitting of _______. | Glucose |
| The energy currency of the cell is: | ATP |
| What type of anaerobes cannot tolerate oxygen? | Obligate Anaerobes |
| The approximate total number of ATP produced in aerobic respiration per glucose. | 32 ATP |
| The GROSS number of ATP produced in glycolysis. | 4 ATP |
| Which fermentation has a decarboxylation step? | Alcohol Fermentation |
| The process of adding a phosphate to something is known as ______. | Phosphorylation |
| What happens to the carbons in pyruvate by the end of the Kreb's cycle? | They are all given off as carbon dioxide. |
| The product gas of respiration is: | Carbon Dioxide |
| What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC? | Oxygen |
| The gain of electrons is called ______. | Reduction |
| The loss of electrons is called ______. | Oxidation |
| The product gas of photosynthesis is: | Oxygen |
| The reactant gas of photosynthesis is: | Carbon dioxide |
| Enzymes that remove a pair of hydrogen atoms (2 electrons and 2 protons) are called: | Dehydrogenases |
| The coenzyme, NAD+ stands for: | Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide |
| NAD+ acts as an electron ______. | Acceptor |
| NADH is the (reduced or oxidized) form of the coenzyme. | Reduced |
| Generating ATP from the power of redox reactions is called: | Oxidative Phosphorylation |
| When ATP is made by transferring a phosphate directly from the substrate molecule it is called: | Substrate-Level Phosphorylation |
| What enzyme catalyzes the formation of ATP when H+ passes through it? | ATP Synthase |
| Chemiosmosis uses the energy from the uneven distribution of what to do work? | H+ |
| The capacity of an H+ gradient to do work is called: | Proton-motive force |
| What type of respiration uses a different final electron acceptor than oxygen? | Anaerobic respiration |
Created by:
callen-pbsc
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