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CNHP 2010 Chapter 3
Musculoskeletal System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| skeletal system | consists of bones, ligaments, and cartilages that make up the body framework |
| appendicular skeleton | bones of the limbs, pectoral girdles, and pevlic girdles |
| axial skeleton | bones of the skull, thorax (chest), hyoid bone, and vertebral column |
| ankyl/o | crooked or stiff |
| arthr/o | joint |
| articul/o | joint |
| brachi/o | arm |
| cervic/o | neck |
| chondr/o | cartilage (gristle) |
| cost/o | rib |
| crani/o | skull |
| dactyl/o | digit (finger or toe) |
| fasci/o | fascia (a band) |
| femor/o | femur |
| fibr/o | fiber |
| kyph/o | humped-back |
| lei/o | smooth |
| lord/o | bent |
| lumb/o | loin (lower back) |
| muscul/o | muscle |
| my/o | muscle |
| myos/o | muscle |
| myel/o | bone marrow or spinal cord |
| oste/o | bone |
| patell/o | knee cap |
| pelv/i | pelvis (basin) or hip bone |
| rad/i | radius |
| rhabd/o | rod-shaped or striated (skeletal) |
| sarc/o | flesh |
| scoli/o | twisted |
| spondyl/o | vertebra |
| vertebr/o | vertebra |
| stern/o | sternum (breastbone) |
| ten/o | tendon (to stretch) |
| tend/o | tendon (to stretch) |
| tendin/o | tendon (to stretch) |
| thorac/o | chest |
| ton/o | tone or tension |
| uln/o | ulna |
| bone | specialized connective tissue composed of osteocytes |
| compact bone | tightly solid bone tissue that forms the exterior of bones |
| spongy bone | mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity (cancellous bone) |
| cancellous bone | mesh-like bone tissue found in the interior of bones, and surrounding the medullary cavity (spongy bone) |
| long bones | elongated bones of the arms and legs |
| short bones | square-shaped bones of the wrists and ankles |
| flat bones | thin, flattened bones of the ribs, shoulder blades (scapulae), pelvis, and skull |
| irregular bones | bones of the vertebrae and face |
| sesamoid bones | round bones found near joints |
| epiphysis | wide ends of a long bone (physis = growth) |
| diaphysis | shaft of a long bone |
| metaphysis | growth zone between the epiphysis and diaphysis during development of a long bone |
| endosteum | membrane lining the medullary cavity of a bone |
| medullary cavity | cavity within the shaft of the long bones; filled with bone marrow |
| bone marrow | soft connective tissue within the medullary cavity of bones (red, yellow) |
| periosteum | fibrous, vascular membrane that covers the bone |
| articular cartilage | gristle-like substance on bones where they articulate (join) |
Created by:
jtran460
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