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BIOLOGY M&L 2
The Chemistry of Life
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Atom (2.1) | The basic unit of matter. "Not divisible" in Greek. |
| Atomic Nucleus (2.1) | The center of an atom |
| Electron (2.1) | Negatively-charged particle located in the space outside the nucleus of an atom. |
| Element (2.1) | Pure substance composed of only one type of atom. |
| Isotopes (2.1) | One of several forms of a single element, which contains the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. |
| Compound (2.1) | Substance formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions. |
| Ionic Bond (2.1) | Chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another. |
| * Ion (2.1) | An atom with a positive or negative charge. |
| Covalent bond (2.1) | Chemical bond between atoms in which electrons are shared. |
| Molecule (2.1) | Smallest unit of a compound that exhibits all of the properties of that compound. |
| * Van der Waals Forces (2.1) | Slight attractions that develops between slightly charged regions of nearby molecules. |
| * Hydrogen Bond (2.2) | Weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom of a different compound. |
| Cohesion (2.2) | Attraction between particles of the same substance. |
| Adhesion (2.2) | Force of attraction between different substances due to polarity. |
| * Mixture (2.2) | Material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined. |
| Solution (2.2) | Type of mixture in which all components are evenly and equally distributed. |
| * Solute (2.2) | Substance that gets dissolved in a solution. |
| * Solvent (2.2) | Dissolving substance in a solution. The substance that does the dissolving. |
| Suspensions (2.2) | Mixture of water and non-dissolved material. |
| * pH scale (2.2) | Scale with values from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ in solution. |
| Acid (2.2) | Compound that forms H+ ions in solution. A solution with a pH less than 7. |
| Base (2.2) | Compound that forms OH- ions in solution. A solution with a pH greater than 7. |
| Buffers (2.2) | Compound that prevents sudden change in pH. |
| * Monomers (2.3) | A small chemical unit that makes up a polymer. |
| * Polymers (2.3) | Molecules composed of many monomers; makes up macromolecules. |
| Carbohydrates (2.3) | Compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. A compound that is a major source of energy for cells. |
| * Monosaccharides (2.3) | Simple sugar molecules |
| Lipids (2.3) | Macromolecules made of mostly carbon and hydrogen atoms. |
| Nucleic acids (2.3) | Macromolecules containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus |
| Nucleotides (2.3) | Subunit of which nucleic acids are composed. |
| Proteins (2.3) | Macromolecule that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. |
| Amino Acids (2.3) | Compounds with an amino group on one end and a carboxyl group on the other. These link together to form protein. |
| Chemical Reaction (2.4) | Process that changes or transforms one set of chemicals into another set of chemicals. |
| * Reactants (2.4) | Elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction. |
| * Products (2.4) | Elements or compounds produced by a chemical reaction. |
| Activation Energy (2.4) | Energy that is needed to get a chemical reaction started. |
| Catalyst (2.4) | A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction. |
| Enzymes (2.4) | Protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions. |
| * Substrates (2.4) | Reaction of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. |
Created by:
MrGross
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