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Final review

TermDefinition
Identify the problem The first step of the scientific method
Independent variable What “changes” in the experiment
Dependent variable The “results”(what is measured)
Experiments Should include: several constant factors and 1 variable
Observation Process of obtaining information by using the senses
Control group The group used as the “standard” for comparison
Graduated cylinder Used to measure the volume of a liquid
Ask a a teacher for help if you do not understand something in a lab
The periodic table lists elements
Element A pure substance that cannot be broken down
Groups Are the vertical columns in the periodic table
Periods Are the horizontal columns in the periodic table
Mixtures Contain 2 or more elements physically combines
Compounds Contain 2 or more elements chemically combined
Physical states of matter Solid,liquid,gas,plasma
Color and shape Describe the appearance of matter
Matter Is anything that had mass and takes up space
Solid Has a definite shape and definite volume
Gas Molecules bounce off one another rapidly and act freely
Liquid Has a definite volume but no definite shape
Heat The movement of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object.
Conduction Direct transfer of heat from of heat from one substance to another
Astronomy The study of everything in the universe
Troposphere The layer in the atmosphere where weather occurs
Moon phases Ex: the phase of moon that follows the waning moon is called the new moon
Meteorology Is the study of weather
Precipitation Rain,sleet,snow
Front Boundary between air masses
Seasons Happen because of earths revolution and tilt
Homeostasis When living organisms maintain a stable environment
Reproduction Is necessary because the survival of energy species depends on the ability to reproduce more of its kind
Autotrophs Make their own food by using the sun
Heterotrophs Organism that obtains energy from the food it consumes
Photosynthesis Process in which plants use energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar
Chlorophyll Green pigment that captures the light energy of the sun and is used in photosynthesis
Chloroplast Site of photosynthesis
Cell Basic unit of structure and function all organisms
Cytoplasm Transparent jelly-like fluid where many chemical reactions take place
Nucleus Where genetic information is found in most organisms
Mitochondria Produces ATP
Ribosomes Assembled proteins
Amino acids The building blocks of proteins
DNA The genetic material of the cell
Cellular respiration Process of breaking down food to produce ATP
Passive transport Movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy
Osmosis Movement of water molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy
Active transport Movement of molecules across a cell membrane with the use of energy
Lipid A fat molecule
Asexual reproduction Produces 2 genetically identical doughier cells
Metaphase Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell
4 phases of mitosis PMAT(prophase, metaphase, anaphase,telophase
Meiosis Produces haploid sex cells
Mitosis Produces diploid body cells
Gregor Mendel The father of genetics
Genetic variation Differences among organisms that help them survive better
Heredity Passing traits from parents to offspring
Phenotype Physical characteristics that can be observed
Biotic factors All living organisms in an ecosystem
Abiotic factors All nonliving organisms
Competition Happens when 2 organisms rely on the same food source
Evolution Species change over time
Created by: MichæI
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