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Science 7 Final Exam
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Scientific Method Acronym | People Hate Elephants On Couches |
| The FIRST STEP of the Scientific Method | IDENTIFY THE PROBLEM |
| INDEPENDENT VARIABLE | What “changes” in the experiment |
| DEPENDENT VARIABL | The “results” (what is measured) |
| EXPERIMENTS should include: | Several CONSTANT factors and 1 VARIABLE (what you are testing) |
| Process of obtaining information by using the SENSES | OBSERVATION |
| The group used as the “standard” for comparison | CONTROL GROUP |
| Used to measure the VOLUME of a liquid. | GRADUATED CYLINDER |
| if you do not understand something in Lab | Ask a TEACHER for help |
| The Periodic Table lists | ELEMENTS |
| a pure substance that CANNOT be broken down | ELEMENT |
| Are the VERTICAL COLUMNS in the periodic table | GROUPS |
| Are the HORIZONTAL COLUMNS in the periodic table | PERIODS |
| MIXTURES | contain 2 or more elements PHYSICALLY COMBINED (easily take apart) |
| COMPOUNDS | contain 2 or more elements CHEMICALLY COMBINED (cannot take apart) |
| Physical States of Matter | Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma |
| MATTER | anything that has MASS & takes up space. |
| MATTER is made up of | ATOMS |
| describe the appearance of MATTER | COLOR & SHAPE |
| a DEFINITE SHAPE & DEFINITE VOLUME | SOLID |
| Molecules bounce off one another RAPIDLY & act freely | GAS |
| Has a definite volume but NO definite shape | LIQUID |
| HEAT | The movement of THERMAL ENERGY from a WARMER object to a COOLER object. |
| CONDUCTION | Direct transfer of HEAT from one substance to another. |
| FOSSIL FUELS | NON -RENEWABLE energy Ex: oil, gas |
| ASTRONOMY | The study of EVERYTHING in the UNIVERSE |
| TROPOSPHERE | The layer in the atmosphere where WEATHER occurs |
| Moon Phases | ex: the phase of moon that follows the WANING Moon is called the NEW Moon. |
| METEOROLOGY | Is the study of WEATHER |
| Weather is LESS predictable than | Climate |
| PRECIPITATION | rain, sleet, snow… |
| FRONT | boundary BETWEEN air masses |
| Weather is LESS predictable than | Climate |
| SEASONS | happen because of Earth’s REVOLUTION & TILT |
| When living organisms maintain a STABLE Environment | HOMEOSTASIS |
| – Is NECESSARY because the survival of EVERY SPECIES depends on the ability to reproduce more of its kind. | REPRODUCTION |
| AUTOTROPHS | make their own food by using the sun. EX: Plants |
| HETEROTROPHS | organism that obtains energy from the food it consumes (ingests) Ex: Humans, animals, insects |
| Process in which plants use energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide, & water to make sugar (glucose) | PHOTOSYNTHESIS |
| Green Pigment that captures the light energy of the sun & is used in Photosynthesis | CHLOROPHYLL |
| Site of Photosynthesis | CHLOROPLAST |
| CELL | Basic unit of structure & function in ALL organisms |
| transparent (clear), jelly-like fluid where many chemical reactions take place. | CYTOPLASM |
| Where GENETIC INFORMATION is found in most organisms | NUCLEUS |
| produces ATP (Energy) | MITOCHONDRIA |
| RIBOSOMES | assembles (makes) PROTEINS |
| AMINO ACIDS | The building blocks of PROTEINS |
| DNA | The genetic material of the cell |
| Process of BREAKING DOWN FOOD to produce ATP (ENERGY) | CELLULAR RESPIRATION |
| PASSIVE TRANSPORT | movement of molecules across a cell membrane WITHOUT the use of energy. |
| OSMOSIS | movement of WATER molecules across a cell membrane WITHOUT the use of energy. |
| ACTIVE TRANSPORT | movement of molecules across a cell membrane WITH the use of energy. |
| LIPID | a fat molecule |
| ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION | produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells |
| METAPHASE | CHROMOSOMES (DNA) line up in the MIDDLE of the cel |
| 4 PHASES OF MITOSIS | PMAT- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
| produces HAPLOID SEX CELLS (23 Chromosomes) | MEIOSIS |
| produces DIPLOID BODY CELLS (46 Chromosomes) | MITOSIS |
| The Father of Genetics | GREGOR MENDEL |
| Differences among organisms that help them survive better. | GENETIC VARIATION |
| passing traits from Parents to Offspring | HEREDITY |
| Physical characteristics that can be observed | PHENOTYPE |
| ALL Living organisms in an Ecosystem Ex: birds, trees, squirrels, rabbits, flowers, etc.. | Biotic Factors |
| ALL Non-Living organisms in an Ecosystem Ex: rocks, ponds, sunlight, soil, etc… | Abiotic Factors |
| happens when 2 organisms rely on the same food source | COMPETITION |
| Species CHANGE over time. | EVOLUTION |
| Is Kyara going to ace this final? | Absolutely! |
Created by:
Kyara.K
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