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Final….!!
Science Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the acronym? (Scientific Method) | People Hate Elephants on Couches |
| What is the first step of the scientific method? | Identify the problem |
| What is the independent variable? | What “changes” in the experiment |
| What is the dependent variable? | The “results” (what is measured) |
| Experiments should include | Several CONSTANT factors and 1 VARIABLE (what you are testing) |
| OBSERVATION | Process of obtaining information by using the SENSES |
| CONTROL GROUP | The group used as the “standard” for comparison |
| GRADUATED CYLINDER | Used to measure the VOLUME of a liquid. |
| If don’t understand.. | Ask a TEACHER for help if you do not understand something in Lab. |
| The Periodic Table lists | ELEMENTS |
| What is an ELEMENT | a pure substance that CANNOT be broken down |
| What are groups? | Are the VERTICAL COLUMNS in the periodic table |
| What are Periods? | Are the HORIZONTAL COLUMNS in the periodic table |
| What are Mixtures? | contain 2 or more elements PHYSICALLY, COMBINED (easily take apart) |
| What is a compound? | contain 2 or more elements CHEMICALLY COMBINED (cannot take apart) |
| What are the Physical States of Matter? | Solid, Liquid, Gas, Plasma |
| What is matter? | anything that has MASS & takes up space. MATTER is made up of ATOMS |
| COLOR & SHAPE | describe the appearance of MATTER |
| SOLID | Has a DEFINITE SHAPE & DEFINITE VOLUME |
| LIQUID | Has a definite volume but NO definite shape |
| GAS | Molecules bounce off one another rapidly & act freely |
| HEAT | The movement of THERMAL ENERGY from a WARMER object to a COOLER object. |
| CONDUCTION | Direct transfer of HEAT from one substance to another. |
| FOSSIL FUELS | NON -RENEWABLE energy Ex: oil, gas |
| ASTRONOMY | The study of EVERYTHING in the UNIVERSE |
| TROPOSPHERE | The layer in the atmosphere where WEATHER occurs |
| Moon Phases | ex: the phase of moon that follows the WANING Moon is called the NEW Moon. |
| METEOROLOGY | Is the study of WEATHER Weather is LESS predictable than Climate |
| PRECIPITATION | rain, sleet, snow… |
| FRONT | boundary BETWEEN air masses |
| SEASONS | happen because of Earth’s REVOLUTION & TILT |
| HOMEOSTASIS | When living organisms maintain a STABLE Environment |
| REPRODUCTION | Is NECESSARY because the survival of EVERY SPECIES depends on the ability to reproduce more of its kind. |
| AUTOTROPHS | make their own food by using the sun. EX: Plants |
| HETEROTROPHS | organism that obtains energy from the food it consumes (ingests) Ex: Humans, animals, insects |
| What is photosynthesis? | Process in which plants use energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide, & water to make sugar (glucose) |
| CHLOROPHYLL | Green Pigment that captures the light energy of the sun & is used in Photosynthesis |
| CHLOROPLAST | Site of Photosynthesis |
| CELL | Basic unit of structure & function in ALL organisms |
| CYTOPLASM | transparent (clear), jelly-like fluid where many chemical reactions take place. |
| NUCLEUS | Where GENETIC INFORMATION is found in most organisms |
| MITOCHONDRIA | produces ATP (Energy) |
| RIBOSOMES | assembles (makes) PROTEINS |
| AMINO ACIDS | The building blocks of PROTEINS |
| DNA | The genetic material of the cell |
| CELLULAR RESPIRATION | Process of BREAKING DOWN FOOD to produce ATP (ENERGY) |
| How many types of transport are there? | 2 types |
| What are the 2 types? | Passive and Active |
| PASSIVE TRANSPORT | movement of molecules across a cell membrane WITHOUT the use of energy. |
| ACTIVE TRANSPORT | movement of molecules across a cell membrane WITH the use of energy. |
| OSMOSIS | movement of WATER molecules across a cell membrane WITHOUT the use of energy. |
| Osmosis is… | The diffusion of Water |
| LIPID | a fat molecule |
| ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION | produces 2 genetically identical daughter cells |
| Each will have | Parent Cell has 50 chromosomes then the 2 daughter cells will each have 50 chromosomes |
| METAPHASE | CHROMOSOMES (DNA) line up in the MIDDLE of the cell |
| 4 PHASES OF MITOSIS | PMAT- Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase |
| MEIOSIS | produces HAPLOID SEX CELLS (23 Chromosomes) |
| MITOSIS | produces DIPLOID BODY CELLS (46 Chromosomes) |
| GREGOR MENDEL | The Father of Genetics |
| GENETIC VARIATION | Differences among organisms that help them survive better. |
| HEREDITY | passing traits from Parents to Offspring |
| PHENOTYPE | Physical characteristics that can be observed |
| Biotic Factors | ALL Living organisms in an Ecosystem Ex: birds, trees, squirrels, rabbits, flowers |
| Abiotic Factors | ALL Non-Living organisms in an Ecosystem Ex: rocks, ponds, sunlight, soil |
| COMPETITION | happens when 2 organisms rely on the same food source. |
| EVOLUTION | Species CHANGE over time. |
| What do proteins break down into? | Amino Acids |
Created by:
JessicaGeorge
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