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Yr 8 Ecosystems
Key term for Yr 8 Ecosystems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A characteristic developed by an organism that helps it to survive in its natural habitat or assists with its lifestyle | adaptation |
| Total mass of organic matter in an ecosystem | biomass |
| meat eater | carnivore |
| An interaction between two organisms where only one of them benefits, but the other is not affected | commensalism |
| organism that eats other organisms | consumer |
| Micro-organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down the remains and waste products of plants and animals, thus returning important nutrients to the environment | decomposers |
| Study of living things and their interaction with their living and non-living surroundings | ecology |
| System formed by living things interacting with each other and their non-living surroundings; the living things within an ecosystem are interdependent | ecosystem |
| Threatened with extinction | endangered |
| the ability to do work or cause change | energy |
| Living and non-living things in an organism's surroundings which have an effect on it in its lifetime | environment |
| A species is considered to be extinct if there has been no sighting of that species in the last fifty years | extinct |
| Organisms linked together by their feeding habits in a single series | food chain |
| Series of interacting food chains within an ecosystem | food web |
| The place where an organism lives | habitat |
| Plant eater | herbivore |
| Dependent on each other in some way | interdependent |
| Non-native species, i.e animals and plants that have been imported into Australia and set free in the wild | introduced species |
| Both of the organisms benefit from the relationship and neither is harmed. In many cases neither species can exist without the other | mutualism |
| Non-living components of an environment | abiotic |
| Living components of an environment | biotic |
| Substances required by a living thing to provide energy, materials for growth and repair and normal functioning | nutrient |
| Organisms like humans that eat both plants and animals | omnivores |
| Living thing that feeds or lives on another organism at that organism's expense | parasite |
| Process in which plants convert light energy to chemical energy (food). | photosynthesis |
| Substance or physical factor which contaminates or spoils the environment. | pollutant |
| A group of organisms of the same species that live in the same habitat is said to be a population. | population |
| An animal that eats another animal | predator |
| The animal that is eaten by a predator | prey |
| Organism that can manufacture its own food by photosynthesis; all plants are producers | producer |
| Two different species living together in a close association to the benefit of at least one of them (see also mutualism). | symbiosis |
| Species which are in great danger of becoming extinct due to events like hunting, changes to the environment, and/or habitat destruction | threatened species: |
| Species that are experiencing a rapid population decline and are in danger of becoming extinct if the drop in numbers continues | vulnerable species |
Created by:
srolfe
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