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Ch 20
vocabulary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
equator | imaginary line that divides Earth into its northern and southern hemispheres |
equinox | day when Earth’s axis is not leaning toward or away from the Sun |
orbit | path an object follows as it moves around another object |
revolution | motion of an object around another object |
rotation | spinning motion |
rotation axis | line on which an object rotates |
solstice | day when Earth’s rotation axis is the most toward or away from the Sun |
maria | large, dark, flat areas on the Moon |
phase | lit part of the Moon or a planet that can be seen from Earth |
waning phase | occurs when less of the Moon’s near side is lit each night |
waxing phase | occurs when more of the Moon’s near side is lit each night |
lunar eclipse | occurs when the Moon moves into Earth’s shadow |
penumbra | lighter part of a shadow where light is partially blocked |
solar eclipse | occurs when the Moon’s shadow appears on Earth’s surface |
tide | daily rise and fall of sea level |
umbra | central, darker part of a shadow where light is totally blocked |