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Biology Review #1

TermDefinition
All Living Organisms MUST - GGRREEWC Grow and Repair / Gas Exchange / Reproduction / Respond to the Environment / Excretion / Energy / Water / Cells
Prokaryotes Example = Bacteria / NO Organelles, NO Nucleus, YES Cell Membrane, YES Ribosomes, and are SINGLE CELLED.
Eukaryotes Examples = Plants, Animals, Fungi, & Protists / YES Organelles / YES Nucleus, YES Cell Membrane, YES Ribosomes, and are mostly MULTICELLULAR... Some SINGLE-CELLED.
Homeostasis Maintaining a stable internal environment.
Cell Wall Functions are to give the cell shape and for protection. Found in... Plants, bacteria, and fungi.
Cell Membrane Function is for selective permeability of nutrients & wastes. Found in... All living organisms.
Nucleus Functions are container for DNA and control of cellular activities. Found in... All organisms EXCEPT bacteria.
Ribosomes Function is to assemble amino acids to make DNA. Found in... All living organisms.
Mitochondria Function is cellular respiration [break down sugar for ATP]. Found in... Plants, animals, and fungi.
Chloroplasts Function is photosynthesis [store light energy in sugar]. Found in... Plants.
Vacuoles Function is storage. Found in... Large Central Vacuole in plants, Small one in others.
Levels of Organization Organelle - Cell - Tissue - Organ - Organ System - Organism
Protein Receptors Allow cells to communicate with each other and the rest of the body.
ATP Is the energy "currency" of cells - glucose molecules have too much energy; ATP is more manageable.
Inorganic O₂ / CO₂ / H₂O
Organic C₆H₁₂O₆ or Sugar or Glucose
Photosynthesis [Process] Organelle used is the Chloroplast / Raw Materials are CO₂ and H₂O / Production of Sugar and O₂ / High Energy Molecule made is Sugar / Purpose is to make starch and store energy / Found in plants and algae.
Respiration [Process] Organelle used is the Mitochondria / Raw Materials are Sugar and O₂ / Production of CO₂ & H₂O / High Energy Molecule Made is ATP / Purpose is energy for life functions / Found in plants animals, fungi, & bacteria.
CWE - GO Carbon Dioxide, Water, & Energy - Glucose & Oxygen
GO - CWE Glucose & Oxygen - Carbon Dioxide, Water, & Energy
Photosynthesis is... CWE - GO
GO - CWE makes... Energy
Sugar Is used to store large amounts of energy.
Plants have... Mitochondria and Chloroplasts.
Guard Cells On the leaves of plants, open and close to allow CO₂ in & H₂O out. They are usually closed when it is hot during the day and open at night when it is cool.
Transpiration Is the release of water from leaves, which allows water to be pulled from the roots.
Created by: tderue
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