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Grade 8 Sci - Ch. 9

QuestionAnswer
density amount of mass per unit volume of a material
fluid anything that flows - gas or liquid
buoyancy the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it
pressure force per unit of area applied on the surface of an object
volume the amount of space occupied by an object
displacement water is moved "out of the way" by an object when it is placed into water
positive buoyancy the buoyant force is greater than the force of the object and the object floats
neutral buoyancy the buoyant force and the force of the object are equal
negative buoyancy the force of the object is greater than the buoyant force and the object sinks
Archimedes' Principle the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of fluid it displaced by the object
Pascal's law pressure applied to the fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid (works in a closed system)
units for density g/cm3 or g/mL
units for force N (Newtons)
units for pressure Pa (Pascals)
units for area m2
used to help calculate pressure force
the density of water 1 g/cm3 or 1g/mL
average density The total mass of an object divided by the total volume
buoyant force the upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged object
upward the direction buoyant force acts on an object
hydraulic system system that multiplies force by transmitting pressure from a small surface area through a confined fluid to a larger surface area
Pascal a unit of pressure to equal to one Newton per square meter
compression is a decrease in volume caused by a force
Compressibility is the property of being able to be compressed
incompressible can not be compressed easily
fluid system a group of parts
hydraulic multiplication The ability to increase and transmit a force through a liquid from one point to another.
hydraulic operated by the pressure of a fluid
pneumatic containing or operated by air or gas under pressure
hydrometer an instrument for measuring the density of liquids.
force a push or pull on an object; anything that changes an object's speed or direction
balanced forces Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions
unbalanced forces Forces that cause a change in the motion of an object
weight A measure of the force of gravity on an object
Created by: g8
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