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Grade 8 Sci - Ch. 9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| density | amount of mass per unit volume of a material |
| fluid | anything that flows - gas or liquid |
| buoyancy | the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it |
| pressure | force per unit of area applied on the surface of an object |
| volume | the amount of space occupied by an object |
| displacement | water is moved "out of the way" by an object when it is placed into water |
| positive buoyancy | the buoyant force is greater than the force of the object and the object floats |
| neutral buoyancy | the buoyant force and the force of the object are equal |
| negative buoyancy | the force of the object is greater than the buoyant force and the object sinks |
| Archimedes' Principle | the buoyant force on an object in a fluid is equal to the weight of fluid it displaced by the object |
| Pascal's law | pressure applied to the fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid (works in a closed system) |
| units for density | g/cm3 or g/mL |
| units for force | N (Newtons) |
| units for pressure | Pa (Pascals) |
| units for area | m2 |
| used to help calculate pressure | force |
| the density of water | 1 g/cm3 or 1g/mL |
| average density | The total mass of an object divided by the total volume |
| buoyant force | the upward force exerted by a fluid on a submerged object |
| upward | the direction buoyant force acts on an object |
| hydraulic system | system that multiplies force by transmitting pressure from a small surface area through a confined fluid to a larger surface area |
| Pascal | a unit of pressure to equal to one Newton per square meter |
| compression | is a decrease in volume caused by a force |
| Compressibility | is the property of being able to be compressed |
| incompressible | can not be compressed easily |
| fluid system | a group of parts |
| hydraulic multiplication | The ability to increase and transmit a force through a liquid from one point to another. |
| hydraulic | operated by the pressure of a fluid |
| pneumatic | containing or operated by air or gas under pressure |
| hydrometer | an instrument for measuring the density of liquids. |
| force | a push or pull on an object; anything that changes an object's speed or direction |
| balanced forces | Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions |
| unbalanced forces | Forces that cause a change in the motion of an object |
| weight | A measure of the force of gravity on an object |
Created by:
g8
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