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Zoology, lecture 13

Invertebrates: Arthropoda, cont'd 2

QuestionAnswer
Sensillae Sensory hairs that protrude from the hard exoskeleton of arthropods. They respond to mechanical changes in orientation/bending.
Setal hair The hair that participates in the sensory mechanism of sensillae--it is produced by the ectodermal trichogen cell and it sits in the socket produced by the ectodermal tormogen cell.
Neurone A bipolar sensory cell that responds to the mechanical changes in the setal hair orientation.
Chemosensory sensillae Porous cuticle protrusions through which molecules of chemicals can be absorbed through dendrites of sensory cells.
Vision in arthropods Simple eyes in arthropoda in addition to their compound eyes. At the pupa stage the eyes are only on the sides (lateral) of the head. In adults they're on the back of the head
Ocellus Simple eyes in the arthropoda. It has a cuticle lens and a sensory mechanism with a number of sensory cells that connect to the brain through nerve fibers.
Compound eye Found only in arthropods. It is made up of eye units called ommatidia. The compound can give an actual image (compared to the simple eyes that could only give a light/dark/source.
Ommatidia Units that make up the compound eye in arthropods. The resulting image is the composition of a number of little images.
Retinulae Vision cells in the in the compound eye.
Rhabdom Sight column of the compound eye covered in external pigment cells.
Different types of eye cells Some have pigment inside the eye cells, some have it around. In some the pigment is constant, in others it can move around.
Rhodopsin The vitamin A compound found in the center of eye cells that helps with vision.
Structure of the ommatidia A column (rhabdom) with rhodopsin in the center (pigment that prevents light from transferring between ommatidia) and sensory cells (retinulae) that take in the image.
Daylight vision The isolation of the light in each ommatidium is constant with pigment that is unmovable presenting an image that is transferred through the optical fibers to the ganglia.
Dusk/nighttime vision Some arthropods have ommatidia with movable pigment that allow for transfer of light to neighboring columns for increased sensory action.
Created by: YaelNoa
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