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Mental Health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are some misconceptions about Mental Health? | Abnormal behavior is different or odd and easily recognized; Abnormal behavior can be predicted; People who exhibit abnormal behavior are dangerous; Maladaptive behavior is always inherited; Mental Illness is curable |
| There is no universal definition of | Psychiatric-Mental Health |
| Who understands that symptomology fluctuates dynamically? | The Nurse |
| Mentally Healthy people: | Interpret reality accurately; Have a healthy self-concept; Are able to relate to others; Achieve a sense of meaning in life; Demonstrate creativity/productivity; Have control over their behavior; Adapt to change and conflict |
| What is Dorothea Dix known for? | Improving care for those in asylums |
| Who changed the way treatment was given as a global movement? | Linda Richards |
| What classifies mental illness and presents guidelines and diagnostic criteria for various mental disorders? | Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) |
| Psychiatric -Mental Health Nursing | is the specialty of nursing that cares for people of all ages with mental illness or mental distress and the need for psychiatric-mental health nurses is greater than ever |
| What is a lifelong process of successful adaption to changing internal or external environment? | Psychiatric -Mental Health Nursing |
| When the individual is in contact with reality and the environment and possesses the ability to love, work and resolve conflicts with a framework of reasonability is known as | Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing |
| When the individual has psychobiologic resilience | Psychiatric-Mental Health Nursing |
| When did training begin in mental health nursing? | 1882-1914 |
| Who wrote the 1st textbook on mental health nursing between 1915-1935? | Harriet Bailey |
| When was The Mental Retardation Facilities & Community Mental Health Centers Construction Act was implemented? | 1963-1979 |
| What year did insurance companies began to pay for services? | 1963-1979 |
| Deinstitutionalization began in | 1963-1979 |
| Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act curtailed federal funding | 1980 |
| Nothing much has changed in mental health | today |
| What is termed Psychiatric-Mental Health Illness | The loss of the ability to respond to the environment in ways that are in accord with oneself or society's expectations |
| What is characterized by thought or behavior patterns that impair functioning and cause the individual distress? | Psychiatric-Mental Health |
| Personality characteristics are | unaccepting of self and dislike self; thoughts and perceptions may not be reality based; unable to find meaning and purpose in life; has difficulty in meeting own needs |
| Adaption to stress: | Feels out of control with self and the environment; has a negative perception of the environment; has ineffective coping mechanisms |
| Interpersonal Relationships: | Is unable to love and care for others; is unable to feel loved by others or accept feeling from others |
| What are some of the things that improve or impede mental health care? | Access of Care; Ability to Pay for Care; Biological Factors; Availability of Care; Social Being; Environmental Threats |
| Learn and appreciate this in your patients | Culture & Ethnicity |
| A set of shared beliefs, values, behavioral norms and practices that are common to a group of people sharing a common identity or language is known as | Culture & Ethnicity |
| What can affect the willingness to sacrifice individual needs to fulfill family obligations and can shape decision-making? | Cultural background |
| Much of an individual's behavior and way of thinking is automatic and originates form childhood learning is known as | Culture & Ethnicity |
| Subculture is known as | a smaller group that exists within a large culture |
| What may not share some of the same beliefs and practices? | Subcultures |
| Ethnicity refers to | people in a larger social system whose members have in common ancestral, racial, physical or national characteristics and who share cultural symbols such as language, lifestyles and religion |
| What is termed the tendency to believe that one's way of thinking, believing and behaving is superior | Ethnocentrism |
| What affects the efficacy of medications and the incidence of adverse and side effects | Ethnic Differences |
| Grief; Guilt; Denial; Use of defense mechanisms; Ineffective coping; Anxiety; Fight or Flight Response (increased heart rate, facial flushing, anxiety, nausea and/or fear) is known as | Physical & Psychological Responses |
| Who is the Psychiatric-Mental Health Multidisciplinary Team: | Psychiatrist; Psychologist; Nurse; Occupational Therapist; Recreational Therapist; Social Worker or case manager; Pharmacist; Psychiatric Aide/Technician |
| Who introduced psychoanalytical theory | Freud |
| What are the three functions of the Psychoanalytic Theory? | Id (the pleasure principle); Ego (the rational self); Superego (the perfection principle) |
| Erickson defined | stages of psychological development through out the lifespan |
| Who developed theory of cognitive development | Piaget |
| Peplau introduced | the interpersonal theory; development of Problem-Solving Skills |
| What stage of psychological development Learns symbols/concepts, assertiveness against environment, and learns sex role identity? | Age 3-6 years old |
| Piaget preoperational intuitive stage is | Age 3-6 years old |
| Erikson's Initiative vs. Guilt ages | 3-6 years old |
| What stage of psychological development Sees cause/effect and draws conclusions, develops allegiance to friends, uses energy to industriously create and perform tasks, shows competency in school and with friends | Age 6-12 years |
| Erikson's Industry vs. Inferiority stage is | Age 6-12 years |
| Piaget Concrete Operational stage | Age 6-12 years |
| Erikson's Identity vs. role Diffusion is what age | 12-18 years |
| Piaget's Formal Operational stage is at what age | 12-18 years |
| What age Thinks abstractly, uses logic and scientific reason, masters independence through rebellion, develops firm sense of self, is strongly influenced by peers, develops sexual maturity, explores sexual relationships | 12-18 years |
| At was age do you develop lasting intimate relationships and good work relationships | 18-30 years |
| Erikson's Intimacy vs. Isolation stage starts at what age | 18-30 years |
| Erikson's Generativity vs. Stagnation starts at what age | 30-64 years |
| Erikson's Integrity vs. Despair starts at what age | 65- death |
| What age Establishes a family and oversees next generation, is productive, shows concern for others | 30-64 years |
| What age Sees own life as meaningful, is productive, accepts physical changes | 65-death |
| The Nurse Client Relationship does what | Respects the client/values the client as an individual; Care for the client in a holistic manner; Maintain appropriate limits; Maintain open and honest communication; Encourage expression of the client's feelings; Assist in developing resources |
| The Nurse Client Relationship does what | Remember that empathy is therapeutic/sympathy is nontherapeutic; Use humor judiciously; Mindful of the client seeing you talk to others (may increase suspicion) ; DO NOT make promises; Stay in the present; The nurse is responsible for their choices |
| What are the Three Phases of Therapeutic Relationship | Orientation/Initiation Phase; Working/Continuation Phase; Termination/Separation Phase |
| The Termination Separation Phase | Prepares for termination/separation on initial contact; evaluate progress/achievement of goals; identify/deal with termination-separation issues; Don't promise that the relationship will be continued |
| What Phase promotes an attitude of acceptance; Assist expression of feelings; identify problems; continue to assess/evaluate problems; promote insight/the use of constructive coping mechanisms; increase client's independence | Working/Continuation Phase |
| The Orientation/Initiation Phase | Establish boundaries/trust with the client; Identify expectations of the relationship; Assess the anxiety of the client; Define goals with the client; Offer self to enhance communicaiton |
| What are the two types of admissions: | Voluntary; Involuntary |
| Voluntary Admission | the client agrees to treatment; ALL CIVIL RIGHTS are fully retained by the client; Client is free to sign him or herself out of the hospital at ANYTIME |
| Involuntary Admission | necessary when the person is mentally ill and is a danger to self or others; DOES NOT LOSE his/her right of informed consent; is considered competent until proven otherwise |
| Justice | means that people have the right to be treated fairly and equally |
| Beneficence is termed | to do good for others |
| Non-maleficence means | to do no harm |
| Autonomy is | self determination |
| Veracity means | to tell the truth |
| Fidelity means to | keep promises |
| What are Ethical and Legal Pitfalls | HIPAA; Duty to Warn; Safety; Invasion of Privacy; Safety; Doctrine of Privileged Communication; Informed Consent; Inappropriate use of Restraint (False Imprisonment); Assault/Battery; AMA |
| What does The Duty to Warn mean | Ask if they think they're a harm to themselves or others; Be careful with invasion of privacy; the doctrine of privileged communication (only discussed what needs to be discussed; only talk to those who are directly in client's care) |
| A Civil Wrong that violates a client's civil rights is a | Tort |
| When completing an assessment what should you do | stay in the present |
| Why should you stay in the present while completing an assessment | because you can't fix the past |
| What are done as apart of the admissions interview | an Assessment |
| To begin the interview what should you do | introduce yourself, address the patient by name and state the purpose of the interview |
| Should you make sure the interview environment is comfortable, private and safe? | Yes |
| What are the basic elements of an assessment | mental status exam and the psychosocial assessment |
| What is the purpose of an interview | to establish rapport |
| During an interview the most important skills are | listening and observation |
| What should you observe during an introduction | verbal and nonverbal congruency |
| What may be an indication of predisposing stressors | theme that is recurring |
| What characteristics should you identify as part of an Assessment | Name, age, sex, marital status, ethnic origin/cultural origin; employment status |
| What factors should you consider during assessment | physical and Intellectual, Socioeconomic, personal values/goals, adaptive functioning, developmental stage |
| What is the developmental stage of the assessment | role performance equated with life stage; interpretation of developmental experiences; and how past problems, conflicts and tasks have been dealt with |
| What are some communication styles | verbal/nonverbal |
| What is an educational exercise in which the student makes a written record of a patient interview or interaction and then analyzes the interaction for learning purposes | Process Recording |
| What are some Nonpharmacological Interventions | Stress Reduction, Meditation, Enhancing Coping Skills, Appropriate Use of Defense Mechanisms, Journaling, Interactive Therapy |
| What is examples of interactive therapies | Crisis Intervention, Individual Psychotherapy and /or Group Therapy, Family Therapy |
| Tangential thinking is termed as | wondering off topic and never providing the requested information |
| While evaluating the mental status of a client with schizophrenia, the nurse asks the client, "Where are you now?" What is the nurse trying to assess in the client? | Orientation to place |
| The nurse instructs the client to tear a piece of paper in half and put it in the trash can. What is the nurse trying to evaluate in the client through this instruction? | Ability to follow simple verbal commands |
| What information does the nurse find under the section "mood/affect" in the mental history form? | Euphoria |
| A client with mental illness is admitted in the psychic unit. After admission the nurse interviews the client's family members, reviews the client's records/performs a physical examination of the client. which step of the nursing process is this? | Assessment |
| Which category of the subjective, objective, assessment, plan, implementation, and evaluation (SOAPIE) format documents the step of implementation in the nursing process? | Intervention |
| Which information does the nurse find under the gastrointestinal section in the mental health form? | Any recent change in weight |
| Which area of mental function does the nurse evaluate during the brief mental status examination? | Naming objects |
Created by:
Valadiece
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