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Enzymes
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What is an enzyme | Proteins which speed up and control chemical reactions without being used up |
| Catalyst | Something that can speed up and control chemical reactions without being used up |
| What shape are most enzymes | 3D globular |
| Metabolism | The sum of all chemical reactions |
| Catabolic reaction | Breaking down reaction e.g. Respiration |
| Anabolic reaction | Building up reaction e.g. Photosynthesis |
| Substrate | Substance the enzyme works on |
| Product | What is made by the enzyme |
| Active site | The part of the enzyme that fits with the substrate, its slightly flexible |
| Induced fit model | The active site is slightly flexible, so when it comes into contact with the substrate, it changes shape slightly to more accurately fix itself to the substrate Active site returns to original shape when products are released |
| Inhibitors | Attach to enzymes and destroy their shape |
| 2 uses of inhibitors | 1 - insecticides destroy enzymes in insects, killing them 2 - antibiotics destroy enzymes in bacteria, killing them |
| Optimum conditions | The conditions that the enzyme works best in |
| Factors affecting enzymes | Temperature, pH, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration |
| Denaturation | When the enzymes shape is permanently changed and it becomes inactive |
| What does specific mean in terms of enzymes | Enzymes have a specific shape and so they only work on certain substrates |
| Activation energy | Amount of energy needed to start a reaction Enzymes lower the activation energy so they can occur quicker |
Created by:
JJoyce03
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