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Ecology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Autotroph | an organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide. |
| Producer | make or manufacture from components or raw materials |
| Dispersal | the splitting up of a group or gathering of people, causing them to leave in different directions. |
| Heterotroph | an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances. |
| Consumer | A consumer is a person or a group who intends to order, orders, or uses purchased goods, products, or services primarily for personal, social, family, household |
| Exotic species | alien species, exotic species, adventive species, immigrant species, foreign species, |
| Organism | the material structure of an individual life form. |
| Herbivore | A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material |
| Point source | pollution is a single identifiable source of air, water, thermal, noise or light pollution. |
| Habitat | Habitat for Humanity is a nonprofit organization that helps people in your community and around the world build or improve a place they can call home |
| Carnivore | an animal that feeds on flesh. |
| Nonpoint source | a source of pollution that issues from widely distributed or pervasive environmental elements. |
| Biotic factor | a living organism that shapes its environment. |
| Omnivore | an animal or person that eats food of both plant and animal origin. |
| Biodegradable | (of a substance or object) capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms. |
| Abiotic factor | An abiotic factor is a non-living part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. |
| Scavenger | an animal that feeds on carrion, dead plant material, or refuse. |
| Natural resource | materials or substances such as minerals, forests, water, and fertile land that occur in nature and can be used for economic gain. |
| Species | classification comprising related organisms that share common characteristics and are capable of interbreeding |
| Decomposer | an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material. a device or installation that is used to break down a chemical substance. |
| Soil conversation | Soil conservation is the prevention of loss of the top most layer of the soil from erosion or prevention of reduced fertility caused by over usage |
| Population | istinct group of individuals, whether that group comprises a nation or a group of people with a common characteristic |
| Food Chain | A food chain is a linear network of links in a food web starting from producer organisms and ending at an apex predator species, d |
| Crop rotation | the practice of planting different crops sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil health, optimize nutrients in the soil, and combat pest and weed pressure |
| Community | a group of people with a common characteristic or interest living together within a larger society |
| Food web | A food web is the natural interconnection of food chains and a graphical representation of what-eats-what in an ecological community. |
| Contour plowing | Contour bunding or contour farming or Contour ploughing is the farming practice of plowing and/or planting across a slope following its elevation contour lines |
| Ecosystem | a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment. |
| Energy pyramid | An ecological pyramid is a graphical representation designed to show the biomass or bioproductivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem. |
| Conservation plowing | a method used by farmers to reduce soil erosion between crop harvesting and next crop planting |
| Ecology | the branch of biology that deals with the relations of organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings. |
| Nitrogen fixation | the chemical processes by which atmospheric nitrogen is assimilated into organic compounds, especially by certain microorganisms as part of the nitrogen cycle. |
| Biodiversity | the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem. |
| Immigration | the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country. |
| Biome | a large naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying a major habitat, e.g. forest or tundra. |
| Keystone species | an organism that helps define an entire ecosystem |
| Emigration | the act of leaving one's own country to settle permanently in another; moving abroad. |
| Climate | The weather conditions prevailing in an area in general or over a long period. More |
| endangered species | (of a species) seriously at risk of extinction. |
| Population density | amount of population |
| desert | A dry, barren area of land, especially one covered with sand, that is characteristically desolate, waterless, and without vegetation. |
| Threatened species | being at risk |
| Limiting factor | being very very limited |
| Rain forest | an area of tall, mostly evergreen trees and a high amount of rainfall. |
| extinction | The fact or process of a species, family, or other group of animals or plants becoming extinct. |
| Carrying capacity | the number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without environmental degradation |
| Emergent layer | where the tallest trees can be found |
| Habitat destruction | Habitat destruction is the process by which a natural habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species. |
| Natural selection | the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution. |
| Canopy | cover or provide with a canopy. |
| Habitat fragmentation | the process during which a large expanse of habitat is transformed into a number of smaller patches of smaller total area isolated from each other by a matrix of habitats unlike the original |
| Adaptation | The action or process of adapting or being adapted. |
| Understory | A layer of vegetation beneath the main canopy of a forest. |
| Poaching | Illegally hunt or catch (game or fish) on land that is not one's own or in contravention of official protection. |
| Niche | A comfortable or suitable position in life or employment. |
| Grassland | A large open area of country covered with grass, especially one used for grazing. |
| Captive breading | the breeding of wild animals in places such as zoos, especially animals which have become rare in the wild. |
| Competition | The activity or condition of competing. |
| Savanna | A grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees. |
| Predation | The preying of one animal on others. |
| Deciduous tree | In the fields of horticulture and botany, the term deciduous means "falling off at maturity" |
| Mutualism | The doctrine that mutual dependence is necessary to social well-being. |
| Boreal forest | From a biological perspective, boreal forests are defined as forests growing in high-latitude environments where freezing temperatures occur for 6 to 8 months |
| Commensalism | An association between two organisms in which one benefits and the other derives neither benefit nor harm. |
| Coniferous tree | Evergreen cone-shaped trees, growing needle- or scale-like leaves are called conifers. Most trees growing in these forest regions are cone-bearing |
| Parasitism | the practice of living as a parasite in or on another organism. |
| Tundra | A vast, flat, treeless Arctic region of Europe, Asia, and North America in which the subsoil is permanently frozen. |
| Parasite | An organism that lives in or on an organism of another species (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other's expense. |
| Permafrost | thick subsurface layer of soil that remains frozen throughout the year, occurring chiefly in polar regions. |
| Host | A person who receives or entertains other people as guests. |
| Estuary | The tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream. |
| Succession | A number of people or things sharing a specified characteristic and following one after the other. |
| Intertidal zone | he area where the ocean meets the land between high and low tides. |
| Primary succession | occurs when new land is formed or bare rock is exposed, providing a habitat that can be colonized for the first time. |
| Neretic zone | shallow marine environment extending from mean low water down to 200-metre (660-foot) depths, generally corresponding to the continental shelf. |
| Pioneer species | hardy species which are the first to colonize barren environments or previously biodiverse steady-state ecosystems that have been disrupted, such as by fire. |
| Biogeograpy | the branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants and animals. |
| Secondary succession | type of ecological succession (the evolution of a biological community's ecological structure) in which plants and animals recolonize a habitat after a major disturbance |
| Continental drift | the hypothesis that the Earth's continents have moved over geologic time relative to each other, thus appearing to have "drifted" across the ocean bed |
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ßrennan
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