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Cell Cycle/DNA

Review on Cell Cycle and DNA

TermDefinition
The Cell Cycle the life cycle of the cell. It has two parts: Interphase and mitosis
Interphase the cell gets ready to divide, spends most of its lifespan in this stage
Mitosis the cells divides
The Growth Phase (G1) In this part of interphase the cell doubles in size and the number of organelles also double.
The synthesis phase (S) In this part of interphase an identical copy of DNA is made, each chromosome has two sister chromatids
G2 Phase In this part of interphase proteins are made that will help the cell divide. After this phase, the cell is ready to divide
Prophase In this phase chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane disappears
Centriole an organelle that makes spindle fibers
Spindle fibers these form and attach to centromeres to move chromosomes
Metaphase In this phase chromosomes line up in the center of the cell in a row
Equator The center of the cell
Anaphase In this phase spindle fibers pull the chromatids apart separating the two sister chromatids of each chromosome
Telophase In this phase spindle fibers dissolve and a nuclear membranes form around the chromosome sets. Each new nucleus contains the exact same number and type of chromosomes as the original cell
Cleavage furrow an indentation that begins the process of the cell dividing
Cytokinesis This word means ‘cell movement’. It is when the parent cell divides into two daughter cells
DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid
Genes These are made of DNA and make up chromosomes
Adenine Always pairs up with thymine
Guanine Always pairs up with cytosine
Nucleotide Nitrogen(ous) base, sugar and phosphate make this up
Karyotype A picture of a person's chromosomes
Created by: Marquart
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