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Rush/Jones JMS
7th grade JMS Digestive system lesson 1-7
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The smallest unit of an organism that can carry out the basic functions of life | CELL |
| A group of similar cells that work together to carry out a specific function. | TISSUE |
| A group of different tissues that work together to perform a specfic function | Organ |
| A number of organs and structures that work together as a whole | Body System |
| The tearing, grinding or mixing of food in the digestive tract | Mechanical Digestion |
| The breaking down of food in the digestive tract by gastric juices or enzymes | Chemical Digestion |
| A ring of muscle that aids in the one-way passage of food through the digestive tract. | sphincter |
| Regular muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract | Peristalsis |
| One of the three basic food types needed to build and repair tissue in the body | Proteins |
| One of the three basic food types. May be found in the form of starch, sugar or fiber. | Carbohydrates |
| A yellow-brown indicator that turns blue-black when it comes in contact with starch | Lugol solution |
| A chemical indicator, when added to a solution and heated, changes from blue to light green to red/orange in the presence of increasing concentrations of sugar. | Benedict's solution |
| Watery substance secreted by 3 glands around the mouth. Helps moisten and soften food for swallowing. Contains an enzyme called amylase that begins the digestion of starch | Saliva |
| A protein that is capable of speeding up a chemical reaction. | Enzyme |
| A digestive enzyme that breaks down starch | Amylase |
| A thick, sticky substance that lines and protects the inner walls of the digestive organs. Helps the passage of food through the digestive tract and helps protect the walls of the digestive tract from being digested. | Mucus |
| A substance that changes in some way to indicate the presence of another substance | Indicator |
| A component of gastric juice that helps create the environment that pepsin needs to break down protein in the stomach | hydrochorlic acid |
| An enzyme in the stomach that breaks down protein | pepsin |
| A liquid that includes hydrochorlic acid and pepsin and that is responsible for chemical digestion of protein in the stomach | gastric juices |
| A pulpy mixture of food and gastric juices. produced in the stomach and passed into the duodenum ( the 1st 25 cm of the small intestine, where most of the chemical digestion takes place) | chyme |
| A painful sensation in the lower esophagus or upper stomach; sometimes caused by excess stomach acid | heartburn |
| An open sore or lesion in the skin or mucous membrane in the stomach | ulcer |
| The building blocks of proteins | amino acids |
| Most chemical digestion occurs heres. | duodenum |
| Protein digestion begins here | stomach |
| Excess water moves back into the bloodstream from here | large intestine |
| Diarrhea can occur if the rate of peristalsis is too fast in in this organis | large intestine |
| Fat is mechanically and chemically digested in this organ | small intestine |
| Waste is stored in the | rectum |
| This organ has no known function in humans | appendix |
| This organ supplies pancreatic juice | pancreas |
| This organ receives bile and pancreatic juice for chemical digestion | small intestine |
| This organ produces bile | liver |
| This organ stores bile | gall bladder |
| This liquid breaks large fat droplets into smaller ones so they can mix with the juices from the small intestine and pancreas | bile |
| The process by which molecules move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration. | diffusion |
| Diffusion without using energy | passive transport |
| diffusion using energy (ATP) | active transport |
| These microscopic, finger-like projections that line the inner wall of the small intestine and increase the surface area available for absorption | villi |
| The process by which digested nutrients pass through the wall of the small intestine into the bloodstream | absorption |
| How do you calulate the surface area of a a solid cube? | Length x width x # of sides= cm2 |
| This structure closes off the trachea as food moves through to the stomach | epiglottis |
| What is the main source of fuel for your body's cells? | glucose |
Created by:
rushjms
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