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Unit 5: Vocabuary
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Umbra | The innermost and darkest part of Earth's shadow during a lunar eclipse. |
Penumbra | A spreading con of lighter shadow around an umbra. |
Solar eclipse | The sun seems to darken because the Moon's shadow falls on part of Earth. |
Lunar eclipse | The moon becomes dark because it passes through Earth's shadow. |
Eclipse | Occurs when a shadow makes the sun or moon appear to glow. |
Seasons | Divisions of the year marked by changes of weather, ecology and amount of daylight. Seasons result from Earth's orbit around the sun and earth's axial tilt 23.5 degrees. |
Axis | An imaginary line about which a body rotates. (Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours.) |
Orbit | One complete circuit around an orbited body. |
Solstice | Either of the two times in the year, the summer solstice and winter solstice, when the sun reaches its highest or lowest point in the sky at noon, marked by the longest or shortest days. |
Equinox | Either of the two times each year (as about March 21 and September 23) when the sun crosses the equator and day and night everywhere on earth of approximately equal length. |
Revolution | The movement of an object in a circular or elliptical course around another. |
Rotation | A circular movement of an object around a center (or point) of rotation. |
Waxing | The moon at any time after new moon and before full moon, because its illuminated area is increasing. |
Waning | The moon any time after full moon and before full moon, (so called because its illuminated area is decreasing.) |
Crescent | Partially illuminated, but less than half. |
Gibbous | More than half, but less than fully illuminated. |
Quarter | Half illuminated |
Solar | Refers to the sun |
Lunar | Refers to the moon |
Hemisphere | Top or bottom half of the Earth |
Alignment | Arrangement in a line |
Phases | A stage in the process of change; a particular appearance or state in a regularly recurring cycle of changes. |
Tide | The rise and fall of ocean water that occurs every 12.5 hours or so. |
Spring Tide | A tide with the greatest difference between consecutive low and high tides. (Lowest Low-Tide and Highest High-Tide) |
Neap Tide | A tide the least difference between consecutive low and high tides. (Highest Low-Tide and Lowest High-Tide) |