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What is a species? a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding
What is artificial selection the identification by humans of desirable traits in plants and animals, and the steps taken to enhance and perpetuate those traits in future generations
What is meant by "struggle for existence" the automatic competition of members of a natural population for limited vital resources
How did Darwin use the term "fitness" the relative probability that a hereditary characteristic will be reproduced
What is an adaptation to evolutionists? the biological mechanism by which organisms adjust to new environments or to changes in their current environment.
What is meant by survival of the fittest the continued existence of organisms which are best adapted to their environment, with the extinction of others, as a concept in the Darwinian theory of evolution
What is natural selection the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring
How does descent with modification work the passing on of traits from parent organisms to their offspring
What is common descent as used in this chapter concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time.
What is a homologous structure similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions
What is a vestigial organ organs, tissues or cells in a body which are no more functional the way they were in their ancestral form of the trait
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