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What is a species? a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.
What is artificial selection? the identification by humans of desirable traits in plants and animals, and the steps taken to enhance and perpetuate those traits in future generations.
What is meant by "struggle for existence"? the competition between organisms, especially as an element in natural selection, or between people seeking a livelihood.
How did Darwin use the term "fitness"? the phrase is best understood as "Survival of the form that will leave the most copies of itself in successive generations."
What is an adaptation to evolutionists? the biological mechanism by which organisms adjust to new environments or to changes in their current environment.
What is meant by survival of the fittest? the continued existence of organisms which are best adapted to their environment, with the extinction of others, as a concept in the Darwinian theory of evolution.
What is natural selection? the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
How does descent with modification work? the passing on of traits from parent organisms to their offspring; this passing on of traits is known as heredity, and the basic unit of heredity is the gene.
What is common descent as used in this chapter? the theory of evolution by natural selection, most commentators recognize that common ancestry
What is a homologous structure? similar physical features in organisms that share a common ancestor, but the features serve completely different functions.
What is a vestigial organ? organs, tissues or cells in a body which are no more functional the way they were in their ancestral form of the trait.
Created by: emiller32
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