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ANKLE/LOWER LEG
Athletic Care
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| It is the thickened distal portion of the fibula. | The lateral malleolus |
| The bony bump on the inner side of the ankle/It is the thickened distal portion of the tibia. | The medial malleolus |
| The more-or-less cube-shaped tarsal bone. | Talus |
| Why are eversion ankle sprains considerably less common than inversion sprains? | The presence of a strong deltoid ligament limits the ability of the ankle to evert. |
| T/F:Contraction of the muscles in the lower leg produces movement at the ankle joint. | True |
| Ways to prevent lower leg injuries | -Strength training -neuromuscular control -Stretching gastrocnemius/achilles tendon |
| T/F Palpation in the ankle region should start with key bony landmarks and ligaments and progress to the musculature. | True |
| When ankle fracture is suspected, a gentle percussive blow can be applied upward on the bottom of the heel. This is a test is called _____. | Bump Test |
| Which of the 3 lateral ligaments in the ankle are the weakest | anterior talofibular |
| T/F Eversion ankle sprains may take longer to heal than do inversion sprains. | True |
| T/F high ankle sprains are extremely hard to treat and often take months to heal. | True |
| Palpitations assessing lower leg injuries... | -Should be done over the musculature in each of the four compartments of the muscles. -Should aim at detecting obvious structural deformities, swelling, and localized tenderness. |
| Muscles that Dorsiflex ankle.. | Anterior compartment , Tibialis anterior |
| Muscles that evert the ankle.. | Lateral compartment , Tibialis posterior |
| Muscles that plantarflex the ankle... | Superficial posterior compartment, Gastrocnemius |
| Muscles that invert the ankle... | Deep posterior compartment, tibialis posterior |
| Most commonly fractured bone in human body | Tibia! |
| Tibial stress fractures | Occur in the middle of the shaft |
| Occur in the distal part of the bone. | Fibular Stress Fractures |
| Catchall phrase referring to medial tibial stress | Shin Splints |
| Acute compartment syndrome | Occurs secondary to direct trauma to the area |
| Acute exertional compartment syndrome | Occurs without any precipitating trauma |
| Chronic compartment syndrome | Activity related in that the symptoms arise rather consistently at a certain point in the activity |
| Primarily signs of a compartment syndrome | -Pain with passive stretching of the involved muscles -Sensory changes in the foot |
| Ankle injuries that are caused by eversion ankle sprains may involve an avulsion fracture of the tibia before the _____ ligament tears. | Deltoid |
| Anterior drawer testUsed to determine extent of injury to the anterior talofibular ligament | Anterior drawer test |
| The talar tilt test Used to determine the extent of inversion or eversion injuries. | The talar tilt test |
| The anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments are torn with forced hyperdorsiflexion and external rotation of the foot as when twisting on a planted foot... | High ankle sprain |
| Most common ankle sprain | Inversion Sprain |
| Involves avulsion fractures/Deltoid ligament | Eversion Sprain |
| Inversion injuries involve.... | Medial malleolus |
| Eversion injuries involve.... | lateral malleolus fracture |