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Evolution Intro
Review of evolution (beginning)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| nature (environmental conditions) are choosing who survives and reproduces | natural selection |
| he developed the theory of natural selection | Charles Darwin |
| evolution on a small scale (1 species) | microevolution |
| evolution on a large scale (many species) | macroevolution |
| differences in the population | variation |
| having more offspring that the parents or environment can support | overproduction |
| things in environment that are competed for (ex. food, water, territory) | limited resources |
| change (in allele frequency) over time | evolution |
| organisms that are able to reproduce & have fertile offspring | species |
| the creation of new species | speciation |
| selection where humans choose for other species | artificial selection |
| selection where females usually do the choosing | sexual selection |
| natural selection for 1 of the 2 extreme traits | directional selection |
| natural selection for both extreme traits | disruptive selection |
| natural selection for the "middle/medium" phenotype | stabilizing selection |
| long periods of little evolution followed by a short time of lots of evolution then it repeats | punctuated equilibrium |
| trait that can be genetically passed from parent to offspring | heritable trait |
| trait that is NOT genetically passed to offspring ; developed after birth | acquired trait |
| evolution of 2 species together due to a close relationship between them | co-evolution |
| evolution from a shared ancestor to becoming different (due to being in different environments) | divergent evolution |
| evolution of unrelated species to become similar (due to being in the same environment) | convergent evolution |
| random change in a population's allele frequency | genetic drift |
| separation of a population that could lead to speciation | isolation |
| when a population's genes remain stable ; not evolving [this rarely happens] | genetic equilibrium |
| population size most affected by genetic drift | small size |
| population size least affected by genetic drift | large size |
| isolation based on time | temporal |
| isolation based on actions/mating rituals | behavioral |
| isolation based on a physical barrier | geographical |
| isolation based on anatomical differences (male and female reproductive structures) | mechanical |
| isolation based on living in different parts of the same area | ecological/habitat |
| isolation that happens BEFORE fertilization (mating) | pre-zygotic |
| isolation that happens AFTER fertilization (mating) | post-zygotic |
| structure with similar function, but different structure (unrelated) | analogous structure |
| structure that is reduced in size and no longer used (related) | vestigial structure |
| structure with similar structure, but different function (related) | homologous structure |
| best evidence of species being related | molecular data (DNA, RNA, protein) |
| remains of dead organisms | fossils |
| the movement of alleles (genes) from 1 population to another | gene flow |
| study of developing babies (zygote development) | embryology |
Created by:
cadetjt
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